Trailing-Edge
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PDP-10 Archives
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BB-FI82B-DD_1989
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2,5/link.hlp
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A LINK command consists of a list of file names with associated
switches, terminated by the /GO switch. A command may take up one or
more lines. LINK uses SCAN, so all of the standard SCAN features
(indirect files, line continuation, /RUN, /PROTECT, etc.) are available.
Output files are requested by applying the appropriate switch to a file
name, either before or after the file name. An equals sign may
optionally be used to separate output file names from input file names,
but does not by itself designate an output file.
The following examples all load ONE.REL and TWO.REL, producing
TWELVE.EXE and TWELVE.MAP:
1. *TWELVE/SSAVE/MAP=ONE,TWO/GO
2. *ONE,TWO
*TWELVE/SSAVE
*TWELVE/MAP
*/GO
3. */MAP TWELVE=ONE
*TWO
*TWELVE/SSAVE/GO
When using LINK's overlay facility, the command format is as follows:
*/OVERLAY
*file,file,file,file/LINK:ROOT
*/NODE:ROOT file,file,file/LINK:name
*/NODE:name file,file,file/LINK:name
. . .
*/GO
The following list summarizes LINK's switches and what they do:
/ARSIZE:decimal Used in response to a LNKTMA message when
loading an overlaid program.
/BACKSPACE:decimal Backspaces files on an input magtape.
/COMMON:name:decimal Allocates a new common block.
/CONTENTS:keyword Specifies what types of symbols should appear
in the map file, if any.
Keywords:
ALL [NO]ABSOLUTE
[NO]COMMON DEFAULT
[NO]ENTRY [NO]GLOBAL
[NO]LOCALS NONE
[NO]RELOCATABLE [NO]UNDEFINED
[NO]ZERO
/CORE:decimal Tells LINK to begin with the specified amount
of memory. This can speed loading by cutting
down LINK's memory management overhead.
/COUNTER Types PSECT origins and breaks.
/CPU:keyword Requires that the program run on the named CPU
type.
Keywords:
KA10 KI10 KL10 KS10
/DDEBUG:keyword Selects a default debugger for /DEBUG.
Keywords:
ALGDDT ALGOL COBDDT
COBOL DDT FAIL
FORDDT FORTRAN MACRO
SAIL SDDT SIMDDT
SIMULA PASCAL PASDDT
/DEBUG:keyword Loads a debugger and starts it executing. This
switch also turns on /LOCALS and /SYMSEG:LOW
for the remainder of the load.
Keywords:
ALGDDT ALGOL COBDDT
COBOL DDT FAIL
FORDDT FORTRAN MACRO
SAIL SDDT SIMDDT
SIMULA PASCAL PASDDT
/DEFAULT:keyword Changes LINK's defaults for missing parts of
file specs, or sets file specific switches for
the remainder of the load.
Keywords:
INPUT OUTPUT
/DEFINE:name:decimal Defines a global symbol.
/ENTRY Types all entry points loaded so far.
/ERRORLEVEL:decimal Allows typeout of messages with message level
greater than or equal to the value specified.
Setting this parameter to less than 10 will
allow you to see some extra messages that are
normally suppressed.
/ESTIMATE:decimal Reserves the specified number of disk blocks
for the current output file.
/EXCLUDE:name Prevents the named module from being loaded
from the input file.
/EXECUTE Tells LINK to start the program after loading
is completed.
/FRECOR:decimal Maintains space between LINK's internal areas
to cut down on the amount of shuffling done.
The default value is 1024.
/FOROTS Causes LINK to use the Fortran libraries if F40
code is loaded.
/FORSE Causes LINK to use the F40 libraries if F40
code is loaded.
/GO Finish up at the end of the current command
line instead of prompting for another line.
/HASHSIZE:decimal Sets the mimimum size of LINK's global symbol
hash table, to cut down on the number of
rehashes needed. The default value is 251.
/HELP:arg Types a help file for LINK. The switch
argument is optional. The SWITCHES keyword
gives a list of legal switches. The TEXT
keyword gives a brief description of
LINK-specific switches.
/INCLUDE:name Loads the named module from the current file,
and tells LINK to process the file in include
mode, so that no other modules get loaded from
the file unless they are needed to satisfy
undefined globals and the current file is being
loaded in library search mode.
/LIMIT:psect:address If the PSECT grows beyond the specified
address, LINK will send a warning message, but
will continue loading.
/LINK:name Closes off the current overlay link and gives
it the specified name.
/LOCALS Tells LINK to remember the local symbols from
all of the modules in the current file. These
are valuable if you want a map or a runtime
symbol table.
/LOG Requests an output file containing a log of the
loading process.
/LOGLEVEL:decimal Like /ERRORLEVEL, but controls which messages
get put into the log.
/MAP:keyword Requests a map of the program being loaded.
Keywords:
END NOW ERROR
/MAXCOR:decimal Tells LINK not to expand its low segment larger
than the specified amount during the load.
/MAXNODE:n Specifies the number of links to be defined
when an overlayed program requires more than
256 links. This switch must be place after the
/OVERLAY switch and must precede the first
/NODE switch.
/MISSING Types a list of modules requested by a global
/INCLUDE that have not yet been seen.
/MTAPE:keyword Performs a tape operation on the current input
or output magtape.
Keywords:
MTBLK MTBSF MTBSR
MTDEC MTEOF MTEOT
MTIND MTREW MTSKF
MTSKR MTUNL
/NEWPAGE:keyword Rounds the specified segment up to the next
page boundary.
Keywords:
LOW HIGH
/NODE:linkid Tells LINK that the overlay link you are about
to start loading will be a new son of the named
link. linkid may be either the name or the
number of the node.
/NOENTRY:name Tells LINK that the named entry into the
current overlay link will not be referenced
from other links, thus saving some table space
at runtime.
/NOINCLUDE Tells LINK not to process the current file in
include mode. This means that the entire file
will be loaded unless you have requested
library search mode.
/NOINITIAL Prevents loading LINK's internal copy of the
JOBDAT symbols, and requests a library search
of SYS:JOBDAT.REL at the end of loading if any
undefined globals remain.
/NOLOCAL Prevent LINK from remembering any local symbols
from the current file.
/NOREQUESTS:name Tells LINK that the named symbol that is
referenced in the current overlay link but
defined in other(s) will not actually be
referenced at runtime. This saves table space
at runtime.
/NOSEARCH Turns off library search mode for the current
file.
/NOSTART Tells LINK to ignore any start addresses in the
current file.
/NOSYMBOL Tells LINK that you will not need the local
symbols for any module loaded. If LINK has
already saved some, it throws them away.
/NOSYSLIBRARY:keyword Prevents the normal search of the named system
library at the end of loading.
Keywords:
ADA ANY ALGOL
BASIC BCPL BLISS
BLS36 CBL74 CBL79
COBOL FAIL FORTRAN
JOVIAL MACRO MIDAS
NELIAC PL1 SAIL
SIMULA SITGO
/NOUSERLIBRARY:keyword Takes the current file out of LINK's internal
list of user libraries, as set by /USERLIBRARY.
Keywords:
ADA ANY ALGOL
BASIC BCPL BLISS
BLS36 CBL74 CBL79
COBOL FAIL FORTRAN
JOVIAL MACRO MIDAS
NELIAC PL1 SAIL
SIMULA SITGO
/ONLY:keyword Loads only the named segment of modules in the
current file.
Keywords:
HIGH LOW BOTH
/OTSEGMENT:keyword Controls whether the runtime system should be
loaded by LINK or brought in at runtime from
SYS: by the program itself.
Keywords:
SHARABLE NONSHARABLE
/OVERLAY:keyword Tells LINK that you wish to load an overlay
structure, and names the .OVL and .EXE files if
associated with a file name. This switch must
appear before any .REL files have been loaded.
Keywords:
ABSOLUTE [NO]LOGFILE
RELOCATABLE [NO]WARNING
WRITABLE
/PATCHSIZE:decimal Controls the size of the PAT.. area that is
allocated if a runtime symbol table is
requested.
/PLOT:keyword Requests an output file containing a diagram of
your overlay structure in a format suitable for
output on a plotter.
Keywords:
INCHES:decimal
LEAVES:decimal
STEPS:decimal
/PLTTYP:keyword Allows specification of the plot file format.
Keywords:
DEFAULT
PLOTTER
PRINTER
/PSCOMMON:psect:common Cause the FORTRAN common having the name
"common" to be loaded into the specified psect.
If "common" is omitted, the "blank common" is
assumed. This switch must precede any attempt
to load the specified common and must also
precede use of the /COMMON switch in declaring
the size of the common.
/REDIRECT:lpsect:hpsect Causes LINK to load low segment code into the
psect "lpsect" and high segment code into the
psect "hpsect". Either "lpsect" or "hpsect"
may be omitted, and the second colon is
optional if "highpsect" is omitted.
/REQUEST Types a list of unsatisfied external subroutine
calls in the current overlay link.
/REQUIRE:name Generates a global request for the named
symbol.
/RESET:linkid Equivalent to /NODE:linkid. /NODE is
preferred.
/REWIND Rewinds the current input or output magtape.
/RUNAME:name Sets the name of the program being loaded.
/SAVE Requests an output .EXE file containing the
program being loaded. Any high segment saved
will be non-sharable.
/SEARCH Tells LINK to load selectively from the current
file, in library search mode. Only modules
that satisfy undefined global symbols are
loaded.
/SEGMENT:keyword Loads low and high segment code from the
current file into the named segment. Psect
code is not affected.
Keywords:
DEFAULT LOW
HIGH NONE
/SEVERITY:decimal Causes messages with severity greater than or
equal to the specified value to be fatal,
aborting the load. Setting this parameter to 8
will cause most warnings to become fatal.
/SET:name:octal Sets the loading address of a psect, or sets
the .HIGH. or .LOW. relocation counter.
/SKIP:decimal Skips the specified number of files on the
current input or output magtape.
/SPACE:decimal Reserves the specified amount of space for
runtime buffers after the current overlay link.
/SSAVE Same as /SAVE, except that any high segment
written will be sharable.
/START:address Specifies the start address for the loaded
program, and prevents replacement by any other
start addresses found later. The address may
be a global symbol or an octal number.
/SYFILE:keyword Tells LINK to output a symbol file to the
current file, and sets /SYMSEG:DEFAULT.
Keywords:
ALGOL RADIX50 TRIPLET
/SYMSEG:keyword Places the symbol table immediately following
the named segment or psect.
Keywords:
DEFAULT HIGH
LOW NONE
PSECT:name
/SYSLIBRARY:keyword Explicitly searches one or more system
libraries. LINK automatically searches system
libraries at the end of the load or each
overlay link.
Keywords:
ADA ANY ALGOL
BASIC BCPL BLISS
BLS36 CBL74 CBL79
COBOL FAIL FORTRAN
JOVIAL MACRO MIDAS
NELIAC PL1 SAIL
SIMULA SITGO
/TEST:keyword Loads a debugger but does not start its
execution. This switch also turns on /LOCALS
and /SYMSEG:LOW for the remainder of the load.
Keywords:
ALGDDT ALGOL COBDDT
COBOL DDT FAIL
FORDDT FORTRAN MACRO
SAIL SDDT SIMDDT
SIMULA PASCAL PASDDT
/UNDEFINED Types a list of global symbols that are not yet
defined.
/UNLOAD Unloads the current input or output magtape.
/UPTO:address Prevents the symbol table from growing past the
specified address. The address may be a global
symbol or an octal number.
/USERLIBRARY:keyword Tells LINK to search the current file before
searching system libraries. The keyword
indicates that the given library is to be
searched only if a module from the
corresponding compiler was loaded.
Keywords:
ADA ANY ALGOL
BASIC BCPL BLISS
BLS36 CBL74 CBL79
COBOL FAIL FORTRAN
JOVIAL MACRO MIDAS
NELIAC PL1 SAIL
SIMULA SITGO
/VALUE:symbol Types the name, value, and attributes of the
specified symbol.
/VERBOSITY:keyword Tells LINK how much of each message to type.
Keywords:
SHORT
MEDIUM
LONG
/VERSION:version Sets the version of a file if specified for an
output file, or for the program and all output
files otherwise.
/ZERO Zeros the directory of the current input or
output DECtape.