Google
 

Trailing-Edge - PDP-10 Archives - BB-M836B-BM - tools/ddt11/ddt11.mem
There are 5 other files named ddt11.mem in the archive. Click here to see a list.













                    Title:    DDT11 (preliminary)
                    Date:     19-Oct-80
                    File:     DDT11.RNO
                    Edition:  1










                              PRELIMINARY








Copyright 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, Mass.


This document reflects  the software as  of version 5(41).  It  does not
include a  description of the  new switches for the  DECnet  MCB.  For a
complete list of switches use the DDT11 command /H.

This software is furnished to the purchaser under a license for use on a
single  computer  system  and  can  be  copied  (with inclusion of DEC's
copyright notice) only for use in such system, except as  may  otherwise
be provided in writing by DEC.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and
should   not   be   construed  as  a  commitment  by  Digital  Equipment
Corporation.

Actual distribution of the software described in this specification will
be  subject  to terms and conditions to be announced at some future date
by Digital Equipment Corporation.

DEC assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software
on equipment which is not supplied by DEC.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 2


   1.0  INTRODUCTION

   DDT11 is a catagory C software product.  DDT11 is a tool which  was
   written as part of the DC76, DAS78, and DAS85 development.  Because
   it  may  be  of  general  interest  it  might  be  distributed   as
   unsupported  software.   The command syntax for DDT11 mimics PDP-10
   DDT.

   DDT11 can be used to examine  and  deposit  PDP11  core  using  the
   CAL11.   UUO  or CAL78.  UUO (requires POKE privileges).  DDT11 can
   also be used to examine a running DC75NP or DN8x  using  the  NODE.
   UUO  (requires  POKE  privileges).   DDT11 may also be used to read
   dumps produced by BOOT11, NETLDR, DTELDR, or DNLOAD.

   DDT11 can run on TOPS-10, TOPS-20, or standalone on a  2020.   When
   running  on a 2020, standalone, it will control paging, and support
   access to a UBA.  In this mode, DDT11 can run  diagnostics  on  the
   -11 devices.

   DDT11 can be used to patch binary files for later use.

   DDT11 can be used to simulate the execution of PDP11 programs.

   DDT11 commands may be either from a terminal,  or  may  be  from  a
   command file.

   Output from DDT11 will usually be printed on the users tty but  may
   be directed to a line printer or disk file.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 3


   2.0  INITIAL DIALOGUE

   When DDT11 begins execution it will ask what to look at by typing:

             INPUT:

   At this point a file name and/or switches may be  entered  to  tell
   DDT11 what to read.  Legal switches include:

       /11       Same as /PDP11
       /8        Same as /PDP8
       /BINARY   Read file as binary.
       /CORE:#K  Allocate specified amount of core to  read  dump
                 or binary file.
       /DTELDR   Read file  as  a  dump  created  by  the  DTELDR
                 program.
       /DUMP     Read file as a dump (e.g.  produced by BOOT11 or
                 NETLDR).
       /FE:#n    Used to request using the FE device to look at a
                 front end.
       /FESYMB   Tells DDT11 to load symbols from  a  RSX20F  map
                 file.
       /GO       Indicate  starting  right  away  with  the  last
                 command used.
       /LA36     Defines  user  terminal  to  be  a  LA36.   This
                 affects echo of rubouts.
       /LINE:#   Used with /NODE to specify which DDCMP  line  to
                 send maintanance messages on.
       /LOCK     Used to lock DDT11 in core (TOPS-10).   Required
                 for 6.03a systems.
       /LSD      Same as /DUMP
       /MERGE    Used to read a dump, and overlay the  old  dump,
                 adding the two together.
       /NODE:#   Used to request use of  NODE.   UUO  to  examine
                 PDP11.
       /PATCH    Used to enable patching.
       /PDP11    Use only PDP11 symbols.
       /PDP8     Use only PDP8 symbols.
       /PORT:#   Used to request use of CAL11.  or CAL78.  UUO to
                 examine PDP11.
       /READST   Tells DDT11 to load  symbols  from  an  internal
                 format STB file.
       /RELOCA:symbol Tells DDT11 to add  an  offset  to  symbols
                 loaded from a RSX20F dump.
       /SYMBOL   Tells DDT11 to load symbols from listing file.
       /SYMBOL:# Tells DDT11 to load symbols  from  listing  file
                 starting at disk block #.
       /UBA:#    Tells DDT11 to use the correct UBA when  running
                 standalone on a KS10.
       /VT52     Defines  user  terminal  to  be  a  VT52.   This
                 affects echo of rubouts.
       /WRITES   Tells DDT11 to  write  an  internal  format  STB
                 file.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 4


   Example 1) to add to the DDT11 symbol table.

           DSKB:DAS78.CRF[10,11,FOO]/SYMBOL


   Example 2) to read a dump made by BOOT11 or NETLDR.

           XPN:SER013.LSD


   Example 3) to read a binary file and enable for patching.

           SYS:DAS78.BIN/PATCH


   Example 4) to examine (with CAL11.  UUO or CAL78.  UUO) memory in a
   running DC76, DC75NP, DAS78, or DAS87.

           /PORT:3


   Example 5) to examine and deposit(with NODE.  UUO) a running DAS82,
   or DAS87.

           /NODE:FRED/PATCH


   Example 6) to examine and deposit(with BOOTSTRAP  msgs)  a  running
   DAS82  running  the  downline  load  rom.  In this example the node
   being booted is connected to the 3rd line of node fred.

           /NODE:FRED/LINE:2/PATCH


   Example 7) to load symbols from a RSX20F map file.

           RSX20F.MAP/FESYMB


   Example 8) to examine a running  RSX20F  front  end  on  a  TOPS-20
   system.

           /FE:0


   Example 9) to run standalone on a 2020 and run devices on UBA 0.

           /UBA:0/GO
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 5


   3.0  TYPEIN

   When <escape>, octal code 33, is typed it will be  echoed  as  "$".
   Throughout this manual when a "$" appears it means <escape>, unless
   otherwise noted.

   Lower case characters will be  treated  as  upper  case  characters
   except in text input.

   Numbers which are typed in to DDT11 are taken as octal unless  they
   are terminated with a "." or contain an "8" or "9" digit.


   3.1  OPENING A LOCATION

   To open a location an expression representing the address is  typed
   followed  by  a "/", "[", or "\".  If the expression was terminated
   with a "/" the location will be opened and displayed in the current
   output  mode.   If  the  expression  was  terminated with a "[" the
   location will be opened and displayed in numeric mode.

   If a  semicolon,  ";",  is  typed  the  current  location  will  be
   displayed in the current output mode.

   If an underscore, "_",  is  typed  the  current  location  will  be
   displayed as an instruction.

   If a linefeed is typed the location counter  is  increased  by  the
   size  of  the  current  display, the new location is opened and its
   contents are displayed in the current output mode.

   If an uparrow, "^", is typed the location counter is  decreased  by
   the  size  of  the  new  display,  the  new  location is opened and
   displayed in the current mode.  In instruction mode,  when  "^"  is
   typed  the  location  counter  is  backed  up  1, 2, or 3 words.  A
   backspace, "^H", is treated like an uparrow.


   3.2  EXPRESSION OPERATORS

   The operators which are implemented are:

          <blank> generally equivalent to +

          +      addition

          -      subtraction

          *      multiplication

          '      division

          !      inclusive or
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 6


          &      and

          ^X (control X) exclusive or

   The operator precedence is:

          logical operations (from left to right)

          multiplication and division (from left to right)

          addition and subtraction (from left to right)


   3.3  TEXT TYPEIN.

   To enter ASCII text type a double quote (") followed by a character
   to  serve  as  a  delimiter,  then  type a string of characters and
   repeat the delimiter.  Characters are stored as 7bits plus  a  zero
   parity  bit.   The  string  will  be stored starting at the current
   address until all characters have been stored.  If  an  attempt  is
   made  to  deposit  a  odd length string with /PORT initialization a
   final zero byte will be added.  For example:

           "/ABC/


   3.4  INSTRUCTION TYPEIN.

   Instructions may be typed in.


   3.5  MULTIPLE WORD TYPEIN.

   Multiple words may be typed in by separating the words with commas.
   e.g:

               100/   1   1,2,3<cr>


   3.6  $<CR>, $<LF>, $^

   Typing $<cr> or $<lf> or $^ will perform the usual  function  of  a
   <cr> or <lf> or ^ and then reset the address to a previous address.
   e.g:

          3000/   JMP 3104   <tab>
          3104/   MOV #3,R5   MOV #5,R5$<LF>
          3004/   JSR PC,5272   $<CR>
          3104/   MOV #5,R5


   3.7  DELETING TYPEIN

   Until a command has been completely typed  in,  characters  can  be
   deleted  from it by typing rubout.  If the terminal was declared to
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 7


   be an LA36, the rubout will echo as a backslash, "\",  followed  by
   the  character  which was rubbed out.  If the terminal was declared
   to be a VT52, the rubout will  echo  by  deleting  the  rubbed  out
   character from the screen.

   Until a command has been completely typed in,  expressions  may  be
   deleted from it by typing a control W, "^W".

   Until complete commands have been typed  in,  the  command  may  be
   wiped  out by typing a control U, "^U".  The control U will echo as
   "xxx  ".
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 8


   4.0  TYPEOUT MODES

   Typeout from DDT11 may be as instructions,  numbers,  bytes,  ASCII
   text, or addresses.  As in PDP-10 DDT there is both a temporary and
   permant typeout mode.   The  initial  output  mode  is  instruction
   format.

   In the following descriptions where # is used, # is the  number  of
   words  or  bytes  to  be  displayed  each  time.   #  is  either an
   expression surrounded with parentheses, or # is an octal or decimal
   number.

          $#A       Sets address format typeout.  If # is not given  1
                    will be assumed.

          $#B       Sets byte mode typeout.  If # is not given 2  will
                    be assumed.

          $#C       Causes output to be numeric format of # words.  If
                    # is not given 1 will be assumed.

          $#I       Causes output to be # EBCDIC bytes.  If #  is  not
                    given 2 will be assumed.

          $#R       Sets   current   numeric   radix    (16.     gives
                    hexadecimal)

          $S        Sets instruction format typeout.  Each output will
                    represent  16,  32  or  48  bits  depending on the
                    instruction type.

          $#T       Sets text format output.  Data  is  intepreted  as
                    ASCII   characters.    Each   typeout  will  be  #
                    characters long.
   e.g.:

       200$S/   MOV #5707,PC

       200$3C/   12707 5707 12707

       710$(4*4)T/   <12>PARITY ERROR<15><12><0>

       $$4B
DDT11 (preliminary)                                               Page 9


   5.0  SYMBOLS

   DDT11  always  has  the  standard  PDP11  instructions  defined  as
   symbols.   The  current location pointer may be refered to with the
   symbol ".".  The last word used by DDT11 for output,  or  input  to
   DDT11 may be referenced with the symbol $Q.  e.g.:

          2002/   MOV 6(R5),@(R5)+   $Q=6

          2020/   BR 1466   $Q=622


   5.1  DEFINING SYMBOLS

   A symbol with a value equal to the current location counter may  be
   defined  by  typing  the new symbol and terminationg it with a ":".
   e.g.:

          5570/   RESET   START:  The user may also directly assign  a
   value to a symbol by typing the value, a left angle bracket (<) and
   the symbol, terminated by a colon.  e.g.:

          105<Q:


   5.2  READING SYMBOLS FROM MACDLX LISTINGS

   Symbols may be read from a MACDLX cref listing.  A typical  command
   sequence would be:

          .R MACDLX
          *DSK:DAS78,DAS78.LST/CRF=DSK:S.P11,DAS78.P11,CHK11.P11
          *^C
          .R DDT11
          INPUT: DAS78/SYMBOL
          ^Z
          .SAVE D78

   Symbols defined in the source with colons  will  be  available  for
   typeout  from  DDT11.   Symbols  defined  in the source with equals
   signs will be available for typein but will be suppressed on  DDT11
   output.


   5.2  READING SYMBOLS FROM A RSX20F MAP FILE

   Symbols may be read from a RSX20F  map  file.   A  typical  command
   sequence might be:

          .R DDT11
          INPUT: RSX20F.MAP/FESYM
          ^Z
          SAVE VB1234
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 10


   5.3  $K COMMAND

   The last symbol typed by DDT11, or the last symbol typed by a user,
   may  be  made  unavailable  for  typeout  from DDT11 by typeing $K.
   Symbols may be removed from the DDT11 symbol table by typeing  $$K.
   e.g.:

          TAG$$K

          1$/   ADD #2,(SP)   $K


   5.4  ?  COMMAND

   When entering a symbol, if a "?" is typed  DDT11  will  search  its
   symbol  table  for  partial matches.  A partial match is any symbol
   which begins the same as the partially typed  in  symbol.   If  any
   partial matches are discovered, DDT11 will type:

             following are partial matches

   DDT11 will then type all of the partial matches, and  their  values
   in  the  current  output radix.  If the symbols are suppressed, the
   value will be followed with a  "spd".   If  no  symbols  match  the
   partially typed symbol, DDT11 will respond:

             no partial matches for symbol

   After displaying the partial matches, DDT11 will retype  the  input
   and the user may continue typing in his symbol.


   5.5  CONTROL F COMMAND

   If control F is typed while typing in a symbol, DDT11  will  search
   for   partial   symbol  matches.   DDT11  will  then  add  as  many
   unambiguous characters as it can to the typed in  symbol.   If  the
   symbol  has  no  matches,  DDT11 will give a bell response.  If the
   symbol is ambiguous, DDT11 will fill in the unambiguous portion, if
   any, and the give a bell response.

   e.g.  If DDT11 knows the symbol FOOP and no other symbols  begining
   FO  and  the  user  types  FO<control  F>, DDT11 will add OP to the
   symbol.

   e.g.  If DDT11 knows the symbols FOO1 & FOO2 and no  other  symbols
   which  begin  FO  and the users types FO<control F>, DDT11 will add
   one O and then give a bell since the symbol is ambiguous.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 11


   6.0  ADVANCED FEATURES


   6.1  MASK

   Searches and watching for changes in value are done  with  a  mask.
   The  mask  register is specified by typing $M.  To open and examine
   the mask register a / follows the $M.  When the mask  register  has
   been  opened  it  may  be  changed by depositing a new value in it.
   e.g.:

          $M/   177777   177577
          $M/   177577


   6.2  SEARCHES

   Two types of searches are implemented in DDT11.  The  format  of  a
   search for a match is:

          a<b>c$W

   where a is the lower limit for the search, b is the upper limit for
   the search and c is the value to match.  The format for a not-match
   search is:

          a<b>c$N

   where a is the lower limit for the search, b is the upper limit for
   the search and c is the value to not match.

   If search limits are not given the previous limits  will  be  used.
   If examining a running PDP-11 the initial limits are 0.  If reading
   a dump the initial limits are all of the dump.


   6.3  DUMPING

   Occasionally it may be desireable to make a line  printer  dump  of
   what  DDT11 is examining.  The $D command is used for this purpose.
   Limits for the command are given as for word searches.  The current
   output format is used for output.

   After typing the $D command DDT11 will ask for a file specification
   to dump to.  If a file of the same name already exists the new dump
   will be appended to the old dump.  If the dump is part of a command
   file the logging device for the command file will be used for dump.

   If the file specification is followed with  a  /DISASSEMBLE,  DDT11
   will produce output which looks like an assemble listing.


   6.4  MONITORING A LOCATION.

   When DDT11 is being used to watch a running PDP-11 it may be useful
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 12


   to watch a particular location for changes.  The $V command is used
   for this purpose for an opened location.


   6.5  PUNCHING A BINARY TAPE

   After DDT11 has read in a binary file,  it  may  be  desireable  to
   punch  out a patched file.  The $P command is used to tell DDT11 to
   punch out a binary file.   The  binary  file  will  represent  only
   locations which are within the search limits, and which were either
   read from the original binary file, or were deposited into.

   Switches may accompany the file spec.  Legal switches include:

          /BM873    Indicates want tape to punch a BM873 ROM.
          /IMAGE    To make a file to be PIP'ed to a PTP with /I.
          /M9301    To make a tape for a M9301 ROM.
          /PACKED   To make a packed binary file suitable for BOOT11
                    or NETLDR.  This is the default switch.


   6.6  STARTING A PDP11

   When examining a PDP11 with the /NODE  initialization  the  program
   can be started with the $G command.  e.g.:

             FOO$G

   If DDT11 was initialized to read a binary file the command will set
   the starting address for a $P command.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 13


   7.0  COMMAND FILES

   Command files may be used with DDT11.  To start a command file  the
   command $Y is typed.

   After the $Y is typed DDT11 will ask for where  to  log  responses.
   Responding  with  a  <CR> will default to output on the controlling
   tty.

   Next DDT11 will ask what command file to read.

   7.1  Command File Echoing

   Usually as characters are read from a command file, the  characters
   will  be echoed into the log file.  If a <control S> is encountered
   in the command file echoing will be suspended until a  <control  Q>
   is enountered.

   7.2  Macro Style Arguments

   During the execution of command files ^A is used to delimit symbols
   whose  values  are  to  be  converted to ASCII text.  e.g.:  If the
   symbol FOO had a value of 13, and if the command file  contained  a
   string  "L^AFOO^ABLK"  it  will  be  processed  as  if  it had been
   "L13BLK".

   7.3  %TAG:

   Command files may contain tags.  Tags are of the form "%TAG:" where
   TAG  is  an alphanumeric string.  The first character after the "%"
   should be alpha.  Only the  first  5  alphanumeric  characters  are
   used.   Care  must  be used in chosing tags so that a "%" in a text
   input string will not be confused  with  a  tag  elsewhere  in  the
   command file.

   7.4  %GOTO %TAG

   Command files may contain unconditional branches by including %GOTO
   %TAG commands.  The %TAG may be anywhere in the command file.

   7.5  %IF C exp %TAG

   Conditional branches may also be included  in  the  command  files.
   For numeric tests exp is a general expression.  For DEF or NDF, exp
   is a single symbol name.  For ERR,  exp  is  not  absent.   If  the
   condition  is  true  control  will  be  transfered  to  %TAG.   The
   conditions which may be tested for are:

        DEF   The symbol is tested for existence.

        DF    Same as DEF.

        E     Same as EQ.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 14


        EQ    Expression is tested for a zero value.

        ERR   Tests, and clears the error flag.  The error flag is set
               if  an undefined symbol is used in an expression, or if
               an illegal command is typed.

        G     Same as GT.

        GE    The expression is tested for a positive value.

        GT    The expression is tested for a positive, nonzero value.

        N     Same as NE.

        NDF   The symbol is tested for nonexistence.

        NE    The expression is tested for a nonzero value.

        L     Same as LT.

        LE    The expression is tested for a zero or negative value.

        LT    The expression is tested for a negative value.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 15


   8.0  SIMULATION


   8.1  $G

   To begin simulating the $G command is  given.   If  the  escape  is
   preceeded  by an expession, the expression is taken as the starting
   address for the simulation, otherwise the current contents  of  the
   PC (register 7) is used.


   8.2  $X

   To execute a single instruction the $X command  is  used.   If  the
   escape is preceeded by an expression, the expression is used as the
   starting address, otherwise the current PC (register  7)  is  used.
   If the escape is followed by an octal or decimal number, the number
   is taken as the number of instructions to execute  before  stopping
   the  simulation.   The  $$X command is used to execute a subroutine
   call, and simulation will proceed until the subroutine returns.


   8.3  Simulation speed.

   On a 2050 or a  1080  the  simulation  proceeds  at  rates  varying
   between  10  and 45 u-seconds per PDP-11 instruction executed.  The
   range in speed depends primarily on what addressing modes are used,
   with  typical  programs  running  around  22  u-second  per  PDP-11
   instruction.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 16


                               APPENDIX A
                     SUMMARY OF COMMAND CHARACTERS


   null <0>   Ignored

   ^A         Illegal except in command files.

   ^B <1>-<2> Illegal.

   ^C <3>     Monitor command to return to monitor.

   ^D-^E <4>-<5> Illegal.

   ^F <6>     Requests DDT11 to  typein  rest  of  symbolic  name  (if
          unique).

   bell <7>   Illegal.


   backspace <10> Same as ^.

   tab <11>   Change location pointer to last adr typed, then  display
          location.

   lf <12>    Advance to the next sequential location and display  its
          contents.

   vt <13>    Illegal.

   ff <14>    Illegal.

   cr <15>    Closes current location.

   ^N <16>    Illegal.

   ^O <17>    Monitor command to shut off typeout.


   ^P <20>    Illegal.

   ^Q <21>    Monitor command to pause output.

   ^R <22>    Causes DDT11 to retype a partial command.

   ^S <23>    Monitor command to resume output.

   ^T <24>    Illegal.

   ^U <25>    Deletes current typein.

   ^V <26>    Illegal.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 17


   ^W <27>    Deletes current typein up to previous operator.


   ^X <30>    Logical exclusive or operator.

   ^Y <31>    Illegal.

   ^Z <32>    Requests DDT11 to clean up and  exit  to  the  operating
          system.

   escape <33> Meaning depends on next alphabetic character.

   <34>-<37>  Illegal.


   space <40> Ignored at the begining of expressions, between symbolic
          names is same as "+".

   !  <41>    Logical inclusive operator.

   " <42>     Used to initiate text typein.

     <43>     

   $ <44>     Character used to form symbolic names.

   % <45>     

   & <46>     Logical and operator.

   ' <47>     Division operator.


   ( <50>     

   ) <51>     

   * <52>     Multiplication operator.

   + <53>     Addition operator.

   , <54>     Separator for multiword expressions.

   - <55>     Subtraction operator.

   . <56>     If used alone stands for current location pointer,  else
          a character in a symbolic name.

   / <57>     Requests previous expression become current location and
          display of current location.


   0-7 <60>-<67> Octal  digit.   Used  either  as  a  character  in  a
          symbolic  name,  or  as  a  character in an octal or decimal
          number.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 18


   8-9 <70>-<71> Used either as a character in a symbolic name, or  as
          character in a decimal number.

   :  <72>    Defines previously typed symbolic name to be a tag  with
          same value as current location pointer.

   ; <73>     Requests  previously  opened  location  be  retyped   in
          current output mode.

   < <74>     Requests previous expression become the new lower  limit
          for search, dump, or binary output.

   = <75>     Requests previous typein or typeout be  retyped  in  the
          current numeric radix.

   > <76>     Requests previous expression become the new upper  limit
          for search, dump, or binary output.

   ?  <77>    When typed after a partial symbolic name will provide  a
          list of all symbolic names which are partial matches.


   @ <100>    

   A-Z <101>-<132> Alphabetic characters, used to form symbolic names.

   [ <133>    Requests previous expression become current location and
          display of current location in current numeric radix.

   <134>

   ] <135>    

   ^ <136>    Backs up  current  location  pointer  and  displays  new
          location.

    <137>     


   ` <140>    

   a-z <141>-<172> Same as "A"-"Z" except in text typein.

   { <173>    

   | <174>    

   } <175>    

   ~ <176>    

   rubout <177> Deletes the  previous  character.   In  command  files
          rubout is ignored.
DDT11 (preliminary)                                              Page 19


                               APPENDIX B
                            STB FILE FORMAT

   This appendix describes the internal format of STB files as used by
   DDT11.   These  files  are in a format convenient for DDT11 and are
   not related to any other STB file format.




          Header  +-----------+-----------+
          Block   ! Version # ! Length    !   0,,10 (length of header block)
                  ! Length                !   4 (length of symbol block)
                  ! Symbol offset         !   0
                  ! Value offset          !   1
                  ! Flag offset           !   2
                  ! Module offset         !   3
                  ! Unused                !
                  ! Unused                !
                  +-----------------------+


          Symbol  +-----------------------+
          Block   ! SIXBIT symbol         !
                  ! Value for symbol      !
                  ! Flags     ! Mask      !
                  ! Module name           !
                  +-----------------------+



               Version 0 flags are:
                    SMF.BY  1B1   Byte instruction
                    SMF.11  1B2   PDP11 symbol
                    SMF.P8  1B3   PDP8 symbol
                    SMF.PL  1B4   Set processor level instruction
                    SMF.MK  1B5   Mark type instruction
                    SMF.EM  1B7   EMT type argument
                    SMF.JS  1B8   JSR type register usage
                    SMF.RT  1B9   RTS type register usage
                    SMF.SB  1B10  SOB type address
                    SMF.BR  1B11  Low 8 bits are branch offset
                    SMF.SS  1B12  Low 12 bits are SSDD
                    SMF.DD  1B13  Low 6 bits are destination
                    SMF.EI  1B14  EIS instruction format
                    SMF.IN  1B15  Instruction value
                    SMF.RG  1B16  Register value
                    SMF.SU  1B17  Suppressed (defines with a =)
                                                            Page Index-1


                                  INDEX




   $<cr
     command  . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   $<lf
     command  . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   $^ command . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   $A command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $B command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $C command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $D command . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   $G command . . . . . . . . . . .  12, 15
   $I command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $K command . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   $M command . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   $N search  . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   $P command . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   $Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   $R command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $S command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $T command . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   $V command . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   $W search  . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   $X command . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   $Y command . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   %GOTO %TAG . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   %IF C exp %TAG . . . . . . . . .  13
   %TAG:  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   / command  . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   /BM873 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   /DISASSEMBLE . . . . . . . . . .  11
   /IMAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   /M9301 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   /PACKED  . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   ; command  . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   ? command  . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   [ command  . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   ^ command  . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   ^F command . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   ^U command . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   ^W command . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   _ command  . . . . . . . . . . .  5

   Backspace command  . . . . . . .  5
   BOOT11 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3

   Command arguments  . . . . . . .  13
   Command files  . . . . . . . . .  13

   Defining symbols . . . . . . . .  9
   DTELDR . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   dumping  . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
                                                            Page Index-2


   Escapes  . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   Expressions  . . . . . . . . . .  5

   Instruction typein . . . . . . .  6

   lf command . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   Lower Case Characters  . . . . .  5

   MACDLX . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   monitoring a location  . . . . .  11
   Multiple word typein . . . . . .  6

   NETLDR . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3

   Operator precedence  . . . . . .  6

   Reading MACDLX symbols . . . . .  9
   Reading RSX20F symbols . . . . .  9
   RSX20F . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3, 9
   Rubout . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6

   searches . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Simulation . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   Starting a PDP11 . . . . . . . .  12
   STB file format  . . . . . . . .  19
   Symbols  . . . . . . . . . . . .  9

   Text typein  . . . . . . . . . .  6
   Typeout modes  . . . . . . . . .  8