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help/build.hlp
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BUILD command
The BUILD command creates, modifies, or deletes a subdirectory to a
directory to which you have write access.
Format
@BUILD (DIRECTORY NAME) str:<directory> @@subcommand
where
str: is the name of the (mounted) structure
containing the directory you are building.
directory is the name of the directory you are
building. The directory name can contain 39
or fewer alphanumeric characters, including
the following special characters: _
(underscore), - (hyphen), and $ (dollar
sign). The name must be enclosed in angle
brackets <> or square brackets [].
@@subcommand indicates that you automatically enter
subcommand mode after completing the BUILD
command line.
BUILD Subcommands
ABORT
Cancels all work done during current BUILD command. If
directory was new, it does not exist; if old, it remains
unchanged.
ABSOLUTE-INTERNET-SOCKETS
Allows the directory owner to establish INTERNET Protocol
network connections using 32-bit absolute socket numbers;
users with Wheel or Operator capabilities can also perform
this function. For use only with systems that are connected
to a TCP/IP network. Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR
capabilities.
ACCOUNT-DEFAULT account
Causes the specified account to be charged for a terminal
session whenever the user does not include an account in his
LOGIN command.
ARCHIVE-ONLINE-EXPIRED-FILES
Causes on-line files that have expired to be marked for
archiving.
CONFIDENTIAL
Grants the directory owner confidential information access
capabilities, allowing him to obtain confidential
information within the system through certain monitor calls.
See the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference Manual for details.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
DECNET-ACCESS
Allows the directory owner to establish DECNET network
connections. This subcommand works in conjunction with
pre-established system manager controls.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
DEFAULT-FILE-PROTECTION octal protection code
Assigns this number as default for the protection code of
each file subsequently placed in the directory.
The protection code is constructed (by addition) from the
octal values shown below:
77 full access to the file
40 read the file
20 write and delete the file
10 execute the program contained in the file
04 append to the file
02 list the files specification using DIRECTORY-class
commands
00 no access to the file
Default code - 777700
See the TOPS-20 User's Guide for more information about
protection codes.
DIRECTORY-GROUP group number
Places the directory in a group, thereby allowing users in
the same group access to it according to the middle two
digits of the protection code, and access to files in the
directory according to the middle two digits of each file's
protection code. You can assign up to 40 directory group
numbers to each directory, with values ranging from 1
through 262143 (2**18 - 1).
See the TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide for a discussion of
groups.
DISABLE
Suspends any special capabilities that you may have
activated with the ENABLE subcommand or the ENABLE TOPS-20
command.
ENABLE
Allows you to activate any privileged capabilities that the
system manager has given you and that you may need during
the BUILD session.
ENQ-DEQ
Grants the directory owner the ability to perform global
Enqueue and Dequeue functions.
For more information, see the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls
Reference Manual.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
EXPIRATION-OF-PASSWORD n
Sets the password expiration date for the directory. You
can specify the date and time to expire the password. The
user can log in again once after the password expires and is
prompted for a new password.
EXPIRE
Sets the password expiration date to -1, which means that
the user cannot login to the account because the account is
expired.
FILES-ONLY
Declares the directory to be a files-only directory; one not
associated with a user. Some restrictions may apply.
GENERATIONS n
Specifies a default for the number of successive generations
of files to be retained in the directory. This number must
be from 0 to 15, with 0 meaning an infinite number.
Default n - 1
IPCF
Allows the directory owner to execute all privileged IPCF
functions.
IPCF functions are discussed in the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls
Reference Manual.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
INTERNET-ACCESS
Allows the directory owner to establish INTERNET Protocol
network connections. This subcommand works in conjunction
with pre-established system manager controls.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
INTERNET-WIZARD
Allows the directory owner to use special queues for sending
and receiving information using the INTERNET Network
Protocol. For use only with systems that are connected to a
TCP/IP network.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
KILL
Eliminates the directory and any files it contains from the
system; you must confirm this subcommand with an extra
RETURN.
LIST NAME-ONLY, FAST (default), or VERBOSE
Provides a listing at your terminal of parameter values set
for the directory by TOPS-20 commands, BUILD subcommands, or
by default. The FAST listing always includes the
subdirectory's name, working and permanent storage limits,
and, if they have been set, directory number, account
default, maximum number of subdirectories allowed to this
directory, the date and time of last log-in, group
memberships, and user group numbers assignable by this
directory. The VERBOSE listing adds the other values that
can be assigned by BUILD subcommands, while NAME-ONLY
restricts output to the directory name.
MAINTENANCE
Allows the directory owner to execute certain system
maintenance functions or monitor calls.
See the TOPS-20 Monitor Calls Reference Manual.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
MAXIMUM-SUBDIRECTORIES n
Allows the owner of this directory to build up to n
subdirectories of his own, and subtracts an equal number
from the value of this parameter for the superior directory.
NOT
Withdraws the specified subcommand. May be used with the
following:
---
| ABSOLUTE-INTERNET-SOCKETS
| ARCHIVE-ONLINE-EXPIRED-FILES
| CONFIDENTIAL
| DECNET-ACCESS
| DIRECTORY-GROUP group number
| ENQ-DEQ
| EXPIRATION-OF-PASSWORD
| FILES-ONLY
NOT | IPCF withdraws the specified subcommand
| INTERNET-ACCESS
| INTERNET-WIZARD
| KILL
| MAINTENANCE
| TOPS10-PROJECT-PROGRAMMER-NUMBER
| OPERATOR
| REPEAT-LOGIN-MESSAGES
| SECURE
| SEMI-OPERATOR
| SUBDIRECTORY-USER-GROUP group number
| USER-OF-GROUP group number
| WHEEL
---
NUMBER octal directory number
Assigns a specific directory number to a new directory
(note: usually the default is adequate). Directory numbers
1 through 17 must never be assigned by users, as they are
reserved for system use.
Default directory number - assigned by system
OFFLINE-EXPIRATION-DEFAULT date or +n
Establishes the tape expiration date for files that are to
go off line because of migration or archiving. If you
specify "+n", the expiration date will be n days from the
date the files are moved off line.
The default date cannot exceed the system maximum. Check
the system maximum with the command INFORMATION (ABOUT)
SYSTEM-STATUS.
ONLINE-EXPIRATION-DEFAULT date or +n
Establishes the disk expiration date for files that are to
be created in the directory. If you specify "+n", the
expiration date will be n days from the creation date.
OPERATOR
Grants Operator capabilities to the owner of the directory.
For more information about Operator capabilities, see the
TOPS-20 Operator's Guide.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
PASSWORD 1- to 39-character word
Assigns a password, consisting of alphanumeric characters
and hyphens (-), to the directory. You can include any
special characters (except @ ; ! and ?) in a password by
typing CTRL/V before each special character. Unlike special
characters in file specifications, CTRL/V is required only
when creating the password, not when using it.
PERMANENT PAGES or INFINITY
Allocates permanent disk storage capacity (in pages) to the
directory, and subtracts an equal number from the permanent
disk storage capacity of the superior directory. INFINITY
allows users with WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities to allocate
an unlimited number of pages to the directory. The
permanent disk storage of the superior directory must also
be INFINITY. The number of pages that can be used is
limited to the number of free pages on the structure.
The INFINITY argument is intended for special system
directories; it is not intended for general users.
Default pages - 250
PRESERVE
Preserves the values of the superior directory's PERMANENT,
WORKING and MAXIMUM-SUBDIRECTORIES parameters. PRESERVE
stops the PERMANENT, WORKING, and MAXIMUM-SUBDIRECTORIES
subcommands from subtracting the values from the quotas in
the superior directory.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
PROTECTION octal protection code
Assigns the given directory protection code to the
directory. The protection code is constructed (by addition)
from the octal values shown below:
77 full access to the directory
40 access to files in the directory (including expunging
individual files), consistent with the file protection
of the files
10 connect to the directory without giving a password,
undelete files, expunge the entire directory, and
change times, dates, and accounting information for
files. All other access is governed by the file
protection of each file.
04 create files in the directory
00 no access to the directory
Default code - 777700
See the TOPS-20 User's Guide for more information about
protection codes.
PUSH
Creates an EXEC level inferior to the one from which you
issued the BUILD command and leaves your terminal at this
new level. You can then issue TOPS-20 commands to create
conditions or obtain information that you may need during
the BUILD session. Give the POP command to return to BUILD.
See Example 6.
This subcommand refers to the EXEC defined by the logical
name DEFAULT-EXEC:. You can use the DEFINE command to
define the job logical name, DEFAULT-EXEC:, with the name of
the EXEC you want to create each time you PUSH.
REPEAT-LOGIN-MESSAGES
Causes all system messages (mail sent by privileged users to
all users, contained in the file, PS:<SYSTEM>MAIL.TXT) to be
printed on the user's terminal each time he logs in to this
directory. If this subcommand is not given, only those
system messages created since the last time he logged in are
printed.
SECURE
Sets any new files created in the specified directory secure
by default. When a file is secure, the Access Control Job
checks to see if the user has access to that file before the
user can read, write, append, rename, delete, set secure, or
set unsecure that file.
SEMI-OPERATOR
Creates or modifies directories to include the SEMI-OPERATOR
privileges, which allows unprivileged users to run OPR and
execute certain OPR commands. These commands are strictly
for accessing information and controlling certain devices.
See the TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Manual for more
information on SEMI-OPERATOR.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR privileges.
SUBDIRECTORY-USER-GROUP group number
Allows propagation of any or all of the group numbers in a
directory's user group list to the subdirectories of that
directory. Issuing this subcommand is the first step
required in establishing subdirectory group rights. You
complete the process by issuing the USER-OF-GROUP subcommand
for each subdirectory. You can assign up to 40 subdirectory
user group numbers to each directory, with values ranging
from 1 to 262143 (2**18 - 1).
TOPS10-PROJECT-PROGRAMMER-NUMBER project number,programmer number
Allows TOPS-10 programs that require a project-programmer
number (PPN) to create subjobs to be compatible with
TOPS-20. The project number is an octal number in the range
10-377777. The programmer number is a six-digit octal
number. Separate the project number from the programmer
number with a comma, for example 17,76.
USER-OF-GROUP number
Assigns the directory owner to the given group. You can
assign up to 40 group numbers to each directory, with values
ranging from 1 to 262143 (2**18 - 1).
See the TOPS-20 System Manager's Guide for a discussion of
groups.
WHEEL
Grants WHEEL capabilities to the owner of the directory,
allowing him to perform all the privileged functions
available on the system.
See the TOPS-20 Operator's Guide for more information about
WHEEL.
Requires WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities.
WORKING pages or INFINITY
Allocates working disk storage capacity (in pages) to the
directory, and subtracts an equal number from the working
disk storage capacity of the superior directory. This
working space is temporary and is allocated to the directory
only while the user is logged in. Ordinarily, working and
permanent storage limits are equal.
INFINITY allows users with WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities to
allocate an unlimited number of pages to the directory. The
working disk storage of the superior directory must also be
INFINITY. The number of pages that can be used is limited
to the number of free pages on the structure.
The INFINITY argument is intended for special system
directories; it is not intended for general users.
Default pages - 250
Characteristics
BUILD and ^ECREATE
The BUILD command is identical in format to the privileged
^ECREATE command. If you use BUILD with WHEEL or OPERATOR
capabilities enabled, it has the same power as ^ECREATE, namely,
to create directories and modify the parameters of any directory
on the system. Without these capabilities, you can use BUILD to
modify a more restricted set of directories: you can modify a
directory if you have write access to the immediately superior
directory. The LOGIN, CONNECT, or ACCESS command obtains write
access to the superior directory; or, if you have sufficient
group rights to the superior directory, you can use BUILD to
modify its subdirectories.
More Information
For a description of using ^ECREATE to create directories, see
the TOPS-20 Operator's Command Language Reference Manual.
Quotas Subtracted from the Superior Directory's Allotments
Working and permanent disk storage page limits, and the maximum
number of subdirectories allowed to a subdirectory are subtracted
from the quotas allocated to the immediately superior directory.
This subtraction occurs at the time of their allotment to a
subdirectory. If the superior directory's quota is not
sufficient, the BUILD command will fail. (Note that if you have
enabled WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities, you can stop the
subtraction of quotas from the superior directory with the
PRESERVE subcommand.)
To increase the superior directory's quota or any of these
quantities you must either kill some of its subdirectories or
reduce their allotments of the quantity. Or you can ask the
system manager to increase the allotment of the superior
directory. Remember that unless you specify working and
permanent page limits, they will assume a default value of 250
pages. The BUILD command will fail in this case if there are not
at least 250 pages free in the immediately superior directory.
Assigning Infinite Quotas
If you have WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities enabled, you can
assign the maximum storage limit of 34359738367 (2**35-1) to a
directory. This will appear in the response to an INFORMATION
DIRECTORY command as +INF, denoting infinite storage capacity.
If you then use the BUILD command to construct subdirectories to
this directory, any disk storage capacity assigned, even the
maximum, will not be subtracted from the superior directory. You
can use this feature to assign infinite storage capacity to a
number of users sharing a private structure. Then these users
may use storage space on the structure without limit until the
disk pack fills up.
Hints
Keeping Track of Subdirectories
Subdirectories appear as files of type .DIRECTORY in the
immediately superior directory, so the DIRECTORY *.DIRECTORY
command for the superior directory will indicate any existing
subdirectories. To suppress the listing of these files you can
use the SET FILE PROTECTION command to give them a protection of
000000, but then you must specify the files completely (including
generation number) to access them in the future.
If there are two or more levels of subdirectories below a
superior directory, you can do something else to allow a listing
of them: put each subdirectory into a group of which the owner
of the highest-level superior directory is a member. Then, if
you obtain the group rights of this owner (by using the LOGIN or
ACCESS command if the superior directory is on the public
structure, or ACCESS if it is on another structure), the
INFORMATION DIRECTORY <directory.*> command with the NAME-ONLY
subcommand will produce a listing of subdirectories at every
level beneath the superior directory. For this feature to
operate properly the group field of each subdirectory's
protection code must be at least 40.
Modifying Subdirectories Easily
By following the above procedure, that is, by making
subdirectories at every level members of groups of which the
owner of the highest-level superior directory is also a member,
you make the modification of these subdirectories much easier.
You can use the BUILD command to modify these subdirectories or
read and write to them, as long as you have the group memberships
of this owner. You need not connect to each subdirectory's
immediate superior to make modifications.
Restrictions
Giving Capabilities to Subdirectory Owners
To give capabilities (WHEEL, OPERATOR, SEMI-OPERATOR,
ABSOLUTE-INTERNET-SOCKETS, INTERNET-WIZARD, CONFIDENTIAL,
ENQ-DEQ, IPCF, or MAINTENANCE) to a subdirectory owner, you must
have these capabilities yourself, and they must be enabled at the
time of the BUILD command. WHEEL and OPERATOR capabilities allow
you to assign any capabilities. The INFORMATION DIRECTORY
command for your log-in directory tells you which capabilities
you have, if any.
Modifying Other Directories
Unless you have WHEEL or OPERATOR capabilities enabled, you can
use the BUILD command to modify the parameters of only those
directories subordinate to a directory to which you have write
access. If your installation allows it, you can use the SET
DIRECTORY command to change some parameters of these directories.
Files-only Directories
By giving the FILES-ONLY subcommand you make the directory a
files-only directory. A files-only directory is not associated
with a user and so should not be given capabilities or user group
memberships. Although a files-only directory can have
subdirectories, none of these can be a user directory. You
cannot give the ACCESS or LOGIN command for a files-only
directory.
Killing Directories
You cannot kill a directory that has subdirectories; first you
must kill those subdirectories one by one. (When you kill a
directory, the files it contains are deleted and expunged.) Also,
you cannot kill a directory if you are logged into it or
connected to it, or there are open files on it.
Restricted Use of BUILD Command
Your system manager may make the BUILD and SET DIRECTORY commands
available only to users with enabled Wheel or Operator
capabilities.
Related Commands
INFORMATION DIRECTORY
For examining the parameters established for a directory.
INFORMATION DISK-USAGE
For determining how much of a directory's disk space is
already assigned to files.
SET DIRECTORY
For changing certain directory parameters.
Examples
The examples shows how a user with a directory named <CHEM>
builds subdirectories.
1. Build directories for two of your students or employees,
assigning disk space and passwords and placing them in one of
your directory groups; check their parameters.
@BUILD <CHEM.ALLEN>
[New]
@@WORKING 50
@@PERMANENT 50
@@PASSWORD 619JIM
@@DIRECTORY-GROUP 2391
@@LIST
NAME <CHEM.ALLEN>
Working disk storage page limit 50
Permanent disk storage page limit 50
Account default for LOGIN - none set
Directory groups 2391
@@
@BUILD <CHEM.BLAKE>
[New]
@@WORKING 50
@@PERMANENT 50
@@PASSWORD 127BIL
@@DIRECTORY-GROUP 2391
@@LIST
Name <CHEM.BLAKE>
Working disk storage page limit 50
Permanent disk storage page limit 50
Account default for LOGIN - none set
Directory groups 2391
@@
2. Modify Blake's directory to allow him to create two
subdirectories.
@BUILD <CHEM.BLAKE>
[Old]
@@MAXIMUM-SUBDIRECTORIES 2
@@
3. Build a files-only directory to store examination questions.
@BUILD <CHEM.TESTS>
[New]
@@FILES-ONLY
@@WORKING 10
@@PERMANENT 10
@@PASSWORD MINERVA
@@DIRECTORY-GROUP 2391
@@
4. Build a files-only directory as a library directory for your
subdirectory owners. Place the directory and these users in
the same group.
@BUILD <CHEM.LAB-NOTES>
[New]
@@FILES-ONLY
@@WORKING 25
@@PERMANENT 25
@@PROTECTION 774000
@@DEFAULT-FILE-PROTECTION 775200
@@DIRECTORY-GROUP 2392
@@
@BUILD <CHEM.ALLEN>
[Old]
@@USER-GROUP 2392
@@
@BUILD <CHEM.BLAKE>
[Old]
@@USER-GROUP 2392
@@
5. User Blake quits. Delete his directory.
@BUILD <CHEM.BLAKE>
[Old]
@@KILL
[Confirm]
@@
6. Modify a subdirectory so that the subdirectory's owner will
have 350 disk pages available.
@BUILD <TUCKER.TEST>
[Old]
@@PERMANENT 350
@@
?Request exceeds superior directory permanent quota.
Please fix incorrect subcommands.
The action above produced an error message. To correct the
error, PUSH out of the BUILD session to learn what the
superior directory's permanent quota is.
@@PUSH
TOPS-20 Command processor 7(70)
@INFORMATION DISK-USAGE
PS:<TUCKER>
70 Pages assigned
261 Working pages, 261 Permanent pages allowed
7546 Pages free on PS:, 144454 pages used.
Then return to the BUILD session, and specify a permanent
quota that is less than the superior directory's quota of 261
disk pages.
@POP
[Continuing BUILD of directory PS:<TUCKER.TEST>]
@@PERMANENT 170
@@