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           PSTHRU.PLM - Documentation for PSTHRU
                                                      Page 2


Copyright (C) 1982
Digital  Equipment  Corporation,   Maynard,   Massachusetts,
U.S.A.

This software is furnished under a license and may  be  used
and copied only in accordance with the terms of such license
and with the inclusion of the above copyright notice.   This
software  or any other copies thereof may not be provided or
otherwise made available to any other person.  No  title  to
and ownership of the software is hereby transferred.

The information  in  this  software  is  subject  to  change
without  notice  and should not be construed as a commitment
by Digital Equipment Corporation.

Digital assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability
of  its  software  on  equipment  which  is  not supplied by
Digital.
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 3
General information


          I.  General information

               PSTHRU is a program which allows connects  to  be  made
          from  any  accessable  DECnet-10  or ANF-10 node through the
          host node to any other DECnet-10 or  ANF-10  node  which  is
          visible to the host node.  The links need not be homogenous.

               PSTHRU runs completely asynchronously and  handles  all
          incoming  connects  to the PSTHRU object (object 123 decimal
          for DECnet-10 or 173 octal for ANF-10).  Only one  job  need
          be run per installation unless link quotas are such that one
          job cannot handle the required number of links.  One channel
          (of  the  appropriate  type)  is required for each side of a
          link (total of two channels per link).

               PSTHRU should be started up via SYSJOB.INI.  If  it  is
          not  logged  in,  then  it  will  log  in  to  [2,5].  It is
          recommended  that  it  be  run  under  [1,2],  although   no
          privileges  are  required unless the log file (see below) is
          to be written to an  area  to  which  only  [1,2]  has  file
          access.

               If the  PATHological  name  PSTLOG  exits  and  logging
          support   is  enabled,  PSTHRU  will  log  all  connections,
          rejections, failures, and disconnects in the specified file.
          If  the  specification  is undefined and logging is enabled,
          then one message will be  sent  to  ORION  stating  PSTHRU's
          inability to set logging.

               PSTHRU is written to run under TOPS-10  7.02  monitors.
          DECnet  support  is required only if the DECnet interface is
          desired.  The MACSYM universal  file  is  required  for  the
          BEGSTR/ENDSTR macros.

               Known restrictions:

               1.  ANF-10 supports only 32-bit modes (byte mode;   I/O
                   mode  3).   This  is true both for heterogenous and
                   homogenous  connects.   This  restriction   is   to
                   provide  a  common  "known"  mode for communicating
                   through  the  PSTHRU  task  to   maintain   correct
                   resolution and byte counts.

               2.  ANF-10 links take precedence over DECnet links when
                   ambiguity  is  present (i.e.  the same node name in
                   both networks and the requested  connection  object
                   exists on the ANF node).

               3.  Error messages are always a la' DECnet style,  even
                   if DECnet support is not build in.

          II.  Assembly instructions
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 4
Assembly instructions


               Feature tests:

               1.  FTDECNET:  if on (-1),  include  DECnet-10  support
                   code.   If  off  (0)  do  not.   One of FTDECNET or
                   FTANF10 must be on.

               2.  FTANF10:  if on (-1) include ANF-10  support  code.
                   If  off  (0),  do  not.  One of FTDECNET or FTANF10
                   must be on.

               3.  FTDEBUG:   if  on  (-1)   include   a   few   extra
                   consistency checks.

               4.  FTLOG:  if on (-1) include  support  for  producing
                   log files.

               5.  FTDETACH:   if  on  (-1),  then  DETach  from   the
                   terminal  on  which  the  program is started.  This
                   feature should be turned  off  only  for  debugging
                   purposes.

          The default list of  feature  tests  is  to  have  FTDECNET,
          FTANF10,  FTDETACH,  and  FTLOG  all  turned  on and FTDEBUG
          turned off.

               Required files:
          
                PSTHRU.MAC
                UUOSYM.UNV
                MACTEN.UNV
                MACSYM.UNV
                NETPRM.UNV
                JOBDAT.UNV

               Assembly instructions:
          
                .LOAD PSTHRU
                .SSAVE

               There are a few additional  assembly  parameters  which
          may also be changed:

               1.  BUFNUM (default=6):  This is the number of  message
                   buffers  built  at  initialization  time.  The list
                   will be expanded as is necessary, but  buffers  are
                   never  returned  to the free core list (only to the
                   free buffer list).

               2.  BUFSIZ (default=100):  This is the data size  of  a
                   buffer  for  input.  Messages larger than this will
                   be fragmented.   This  is  the  size  of  the  data
                   portion of the buffer only and does not include any
                   overhead   words   (currently   there   are   three
                   additional words).
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 5
Assembly instructions


               3.  QUEMAX (default=20):  This parameter  dictates  the
                   maximum  number  of  buffers which may be queued up
                   for writing on one side of a  link.   The  absolute
                   maximum  number  is  also  governed  by  the MAXRED
                   parameter and is equal to QUEMAX+MAXRED.   At  this
                   point   no   data   available  interrupts  will  be
                   acknowledged on the read side of the link until the
                   write  side's  queue  is  empty.   Note  that  this
                   restriction is  held  only  as  long  as  the  link
                   remains  in  RN state.  This is so that if the read
                   side of the link is just slow and the write side is
                   trying to disconnect, it will be able to.

               4.  MAXRED (default=10):  This is the maximum number of
                   buffers  which  will  be  read on a read request if
                   infinited   data   were   available.     See    the
                   documentation  on  QUEMAX for other effects of this
                   parameter.

               5.  QUMLEN (default=132):  This is the  maximum  length
                   of  any  error  message  which  will be sent to the
                   operator.
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 6
Edit history


          III.  Edit history

          1.  (1) Design and implement original features.

          2.  (2) Fix core allocation bug for one word

          3.  (3) Fix bug where a NSP returns no data,  but  there  is
              more to be read.  This could cause a hang after such.

          4.  (4) Fix NPDSTR:  doing a HLRI  instead  of  a  HRLI  and
              CPYOBJ  doing  a  HRLI  T3,(POINT  8,,)  instead of HRLI
              T3,(POINT 8,,35).  Symptom:  causes  connections  to  be
              made with junk object names (format type 1).

          5.  (5) Change dump area to XPN:

          6.  (6) Change default buffer size from 100 to 200 (octal)

          7.  (7) Update for new DNET.  UUO.

          8.  (10)  Make  DECnet  Send/Read   Normal/Interrupt   ABORT
              stopcodes  instead  of  INFO.  Make ABORT stopcodes work
              better.

          9.  (11) Range check the size of fields  in  access  control
              information

         10.  (12) Make sure there's a <NUL> at the end of the  string
              for  the  QUEUE.   UUO so that the message sent to ORION
              doesn't have old garbage in it.  Clean up DIE;  remove a
              HALT  that  can't  be  executed and zero out the PPN and
              access stuff field of the LOOKUP block  (which  are  the
              PPN and reserved fields of the SAVE.  block) before each
              LOOKUP.

         11.  (13) Edit 11 wasn't complete - changing  SOSLE  to  SOSL
              causes a bit spray because a core block is allocated and
              pointed to before we decide the  string  is  terminated.
              Change  it back to a SOSLE and then check to be sure the
              last character is a quote, eating one more and  checking
              it if it is not.

         12.  (14) Make NPD  object  numbers  read  octal  instead  of
              decimal.

         13.  (15)  Don't  assume  "last  link"  just  because  access
              control  info  is  given;   this allows users to specify
              access control info for the PSTHRU they want to  connect
              to (it will have meaning for DECnet at least).

         14.  (16) ANFEOF must clear T2 if it doesn't call ANFRD so we
              won't think there are any buffers to deallocate.
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 7
Edit history


          IV.  Architecture philosophies

               This section  deals  with  the  various  implementation
          decisions that were made in creating the PSTHRU interface.

               As was mentioned earlier, all connections are  made  in
          32-bit  mode.   This  decision  was made to provide (also as
          mentioned earlier)  a  standard  connect  mode  which  would
          maintain proper resolution and byte size.  As you might also
          guess, it's due to ease of programming  due  to  the  DECnet
          interface which is byte oriented.

               ANF   connections   take   precedence    over    DECnet
          connections:   this  is in conformance with the behaviour of
          SET HOSTES.

               Note also that  PSTHRU  declares  itself  to  the  next
          succeeding  part of the link as whatever it was connected to
          with.  This is in conformance to  the  behaviour  of  PSTHRU
          objects on other systems.

               Below is a quote from the NFT program, reproduced  here
          for  your edification, which describes the philosophy of the
          ANF interface:

                    As ANF-10 basically doesn't  support  any  of  the
               "wonderous" errata of DECnet such as user-id, password,
               ad nauseum, the TSK.  monitor call was invented to give
               the  user fuller control over the network logical link.
               In particular, in conjunction with versions 3 and later
               of  the  DECnet  Compatible  Port  (in  the  DN8x), the
               "network process descriptor" was made available to  the
               "user"  in order to encode all that stuff in such a way
               that the DCP can convert it into something  the  DECnet
               side  understood.   The  result  is  a  very arcane NPD
               string (for which honesty requires that I not claim any
               credit)  given  to  the TSK.  in the active and passive
               init functions.  The form of that NPD string,  for  the
               first time anywhere ever put in writing, is:
                <0>             ;leading null byte
                DST             ;"destination" process identifier
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
                SRC             ;"source" process identifier
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
                USERID          ;user id string
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
                PASSWORD        ;password string for user id
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
                ACCOUNT         ;account string for user id
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
                OPTDATA         ;"optional user data" a la DECnet connect init
                <0>             ;punctuation byte
               
               DST and SRC both are one of the following forms:
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 8
Architecture philosphies


               
                OBJ             ;format 0: DECnet object type
                OBJ.NAM         ;format 1: DECnet object type and task name
                                ;          note the "." punctuation character
               
               OBJ is the object type as an ASCII octal number - e.g.,
               "21" for DAP.   NAM,  USERID,  PASSWORD,  ACCOUNT,  and
               OPTDATA are all "ASCII" character strings - i.e., 7-bit
               bytes (with no nulls).
PSTHRU.PLM                                                      Page 9
Architecture philosphies


          V.  Program messages and stop codes

               PSTHRU is built to notify the  operator  about  various
          problems which can occur.  These are listed below in detail.

               In general, most messages are accompanied by  a  STOPCD
          dump.   The  program  dumps  on  its  default  path (usually
          [1,2]).  The name of the first dump file is  PSDMP.EXE.   If
          creating  a  new  dump would overwrite a previous dump, then
          the last SIXBIT character of the name will be incremented by
          one  until  a  unique  name is found.  The increment process
          will continue through the next high order letters if that is
          necessary.   Thus,  the second dump to be written would have
          the name PSDMP!.EXE.  Each STOPCD dump is accompanied  by  a
          message  to  the  operator which will also appear in ORION's
          log file.

               If any UUO necessary for the dump fails during stopcode
          processing, then the program will halt and have to be dumped
          and restarted manually.

               Five types of STOPCDs are recognized:

               1.  STOP - The problem is a serious system failure  and
                   the program will not continue.  This usually occurs
                   if some UUO fails which never should.  The  program
                   will  not try to reload itself due to the fact that
                   the failure probably won't go away.

               2.  RELOAD - A serious internal error occured,  but  it
                   is probably the fault of the PSTHRU program itself.
                   The program  will  reload,  which  will  cause  all
                   existing links to be aborted.

               3.  ABORT - The current  link  in  which  this  problem
                   occured  will  be  aborted.  PSTHRU continues after
                   the link is aborted.

               4.  INFO  -  Something  happened  which  may  be  worth
                   knowing about, but is probably not serious.  PSTHRU
                   continues  from  the  dump  point  as  if   nothing
                   happened.

               5.  NODUMP - Something  happened  which  may  be  worth
                   knowing  about, but it's not even serious enough to
                   warrant a dump file.  PSTHRU continues normally.

          The following is a list of the stopcodes which can occur.

      1.  Message:  "Can't get core for initial buffers"
          Type:  STOP
PSTHRU.PLM                                                     Page 10
Program messages and stop codes


               The CORE UUO to  set  up  the  initial  BUFNUM  buffers
          failed.

      2.  Message:  "Can't initialize PSISER"
          Type:  STOP

               The  PIINI.   UUO  to  set  up  the  priority  software
          interrupt system failed.  See AC T1 for the error code.

      3.  Message:  "Can't set up PSISER for NSP."
          Type:  STOP

               The PISYS.  UUO to add NSP. conditions to the  priority
          software interrupt system failed.  Error code in T1.

      4.  Message:  "Can't set initial DECnet link up"
          Type:  INFO

               Routine DCNENT does an ENTER PASSIVE function to set up
          a  DECnet  link.   It  returned  non-skip,  which  means the
          function failed.  Error code to the NSP. UUO  in  T1.   Note
          that  PSTHRU  will  not  be accepting any DECnet connects if
          this error occurs.

      5.  Message:  "Can't set initial ANF link up"
          Type:  INFO

               Routine ANFENT does an ENTER PASSIVE function to set up
          an ANF link.  It returned non-skip, which means the function
          failed.

      6.  Message:  "DEBRK. not implemented"
          Type:  STOP

               A DEBRK. UUO failed with the non-skip return.

      7.  Message:  "DECnet REJECT failed"
          Type:  INFO

               A NSP. function to reject an incoming  connect  failed.
          PSTHRU  should  only  be trying to reject a connection if it
          could  not  create  an  additional  channel   to   have   an
          ever-present  channel  in  connect wait, or if accepting the
          connection failed.  Error code for the NSP. UUO in T1.

      8.  Message:  "DECnet Read Disconnect Information failed"  Type:
          Info

               The .NSFRD function failed.  Error code in T1.

      9.  Message:  "DECnet RELEASE failed"
          Type:  INFO
PSTHRU.PLM                                                     Page 11
Program messages and stop codes


               The .NSFRL function failed.   Usually  this  means  the
          channel was already gone.  Error code in T1.

     10.  Message:  "Link isn't DECnet or ANF"
          Type:  RELOAD

               PSTHRU can't determine whether a link is of type DECnet
          or  ANF.   This  implies  the  internal  data  base has been
          trashed.

     11.  Message:  "ANF RELEASE failed"
          Type:  INFO

               A FILOP.  to release an ANF channel  failed.   Probably
          the channel was already released.  The error code is in T1.

     12.  Message:  "Can't turn PSISER on"
          Type:  STOP

               A PISYS. UUO to turn the  priority  software  interrupt
          system back on failed.  Error code in T1.

     13.  Message:  "Can't turn PSISER off"
          Type:  STOP

               A PISYS. UUO to turn the  priority  software  interrupt
          system off failed.  Error code in T1.

     14.  Message:  "DECnet READ NORMAL failed"
          Type:  ABORT

               A NSP. function to read normal data from a DECnet  link
          failed.  The error code is in T1.  Data may have been lost.

     15.  Message:  "DECnet READ INTERRRUPT failed"
          Type:  ABORT

               A NSP. UUO to read interrupt data failed.   Error  code
          in T3.  Some data may have been lost.

     16.  Message:  "DECnet buffer queued for write twice"
          Type:  RELOAD

               The same buffer was queued for write twice on  a  given
          link.  This only occurs under FTDEBUG.

     17.  Message:  "DECnet SEND INTERRUPT failed"
          Type:  ABORT

               A NSP. function to send  interrupt  data  failed.   The
          error code is in T1.  Some data may be lost.
PSTHRU.PLM                                                     Page 12
Program messages and stop codes


     18.  Message:  "DECnet SEND NORMAL failed"
          Type:  ABORT

               The NSP. UUO to send normal data failed.  Error code in
          T1.  Some data may have been lost.

     19.  Message:  "Can't put TSK. link into IDLE state"
          Type:  INFO

               The TSK. function to set a TSK  link  into  idle  state
          failed.   The error code is in T1.  Actually, this can occur
          under normal circumstances if the other  side  released  the
          link already.

     20.  Message:  "I/O error on TSK. link"
          Type:  ABORT

               A TSK link suffered an I/O error.

     21.  Message:  "Can't add DECnet channel to the PI system"
          Type:  INFO

               Routine DNPION which does the NSP. UUO to add a  DECnet
          channel  to  the  priority  software interrupt system didn't
          skip.  Note that the affected link half is probably dead.

     22.  Message:  "Can't add ANF channel to the PI system"
          Type:  INFO

               ANPION, which does the appropriate PISYS. UUO to add  a
          new  ANF  channel to the priority software interrupt system,
          failed and didn't skip.  Note that the affected link half is
          probably dead.

     23.  Message:  "Couldn't open log file, logging turned OFF"
          Type:  NODUMP

               PSTHRU couldn't open the log file.  This usually  means
          the  appropriate  logical name, PSTLOG, hasn't been defined.
          Logging of events will not occur.

     24.  Message:  "Logging output failed"
          Type:  INFO

               An OUT UUO to the log file failed.  The log  file  will
          be closed.

     25.  Message:  "CORE UUO failed"
          Type:  RELOAD

               A CORE UUO to create more free core or buffers failed.
PSTHRU.PLM                                                     Page 13
Program messages and stop codes


     26.  Message:  "Returning junk core block"
          Type:  RELOAD

               This  is  only  enabled  under   FTDEBUG.    The   core
          de-allocator  was  called with either a base address of zero
          or a length of zero to return to the free core pool.