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                     TENEX/TOPS20 SAIL SIMPLIFIED

                             Robert Smith
                    Department of Computer Science
                          Rutgers University


                             April 1, 1978

                   Revised, 9-Jul-79, by C. Hedrick

        This memo describes  how to put up  a version of TENEX  SAIL on

either a TENEX (version 31 or later) or TOPS20 (version 3)  system.  As

of March,  1979, a few  modifications had been  added to TENEX  SAIL to

facilitate its use  on TOPS20 version  3.  These changes  are described

below.

        The  complete assembly  of  TENEX/TOPS20 SAIL  is  described in

TELLEM, the SAIL implementor's guide.  The sources for all SAIL systems

are kept at SU-AI and maintained there, so the sources can  be obtained

from there via the  ARPA NET. This distribution includes  those sources

needed to make the tops-20 version of SAIL.

        Fortunately, it should not  be necessary to reassemble  SAIL in

order to get a working TENEX SAIL system up on a standard TENEX  (KI or

KA 10) system running 1.31  or later, or TOPS20 (KL  processor) running

version 3 of TOPS20 or later.  A current, standard TENEX/TOPS20 version

of SAIL will be kept  at site Rutgers on directory  S:<SAIL.TOPS20> and

is available from there via FTP in paged transfer mode.

        *******WARNING********: The version of SAIL supplied herein has

the University of Rochester  LEAP features turned on.  The  only affect

that is supposed  to be visible to  the user is that  he can use  up to




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2**18 items, rather than 2**12  which is the normal limit.   The actual

implementation  is fairly  different,  as you  might  imagine.  Because

there are differences in  GOGTAB between this version and  the standard

one,  we  have  set  the version  number  to  9  (i.e.  T-6-SAISG9.EXE,

LIBSA9.REL, HLBSA9.REL, etc.).   Should you reassemble with  URLEAP and

URHASH off (They are set  in TENXSW.), you can continue to  use version

number 8.  This  is set in HEAD.   However we believe that  anyone that

uses LEAP  seriously will  want the  new LEAP,  and anyone  who doesn't

won't be affected one way or the other.

        FILES FOR THE BASIC  COMPILER.  Put the following  on directory

<SAIL>.  The SAIL system, like the LISP system, assumes that you have a

dedicated directory.  If you  are running Tops-20, you should  define a

system  logical device  SAI:  as PS:<SAIL>.   Or course  if  you really

wanted to, you  could define SAI: as  <SUBSYS> and get along  without a

separate  directory, but  we do  not recommend  this.  To  define SAI:,

insert  the DEFINE  command into  <SYSTEM>3-CONFIG.CMD.  Should  you be

running Tenex, logical devices are  not used, so all references  are to

<SAIL> directly.

T-6-SAISG9.EXE          ;runtime segment (.SAV if on Tenex)
                        ;if you get this through a Tops-10 site, this
                        ;file will be called SAISG9.EXE, because of
                        ;the 6-character limit.
HLBSA9.REL              ;"library"
LIBSA9.REL              ;"library"
3OPS3.OPS               ;TENEX opcode table, PDP10 instructions,
                        ;jsyses
BKTBL.BKT               ;default breaktable for STDBRK function
GOGTAB.DEF              ;user table definitions file






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        Put the following files on some directory in SYS:  (<SUBSYS> on

Tenex).  These files can live  anywhere, but the most natural  place is

SYS:.  (You may have to be a wheel to put them there.)
                SYS:

SAIL.EXE                ;compiler
                        ;on Tenex make this have name "SAIL.SAV"
LOWTSA.REL              ;linkage to runtime system
SDDT.REL                ;linkage to BAIL for Tops-20 DEBUG command only


        LOADING SAIL  programs.  Tops-20  SAIL will  automatically load

with LINK if you  use the /G switch.   There should be no  problem with

recent DEC versions  of LINK.  Some Tenex  sites prefer to  use LOADER,

because their  versions of LINK10  are out of  date and do  not support

SAIL  properly.   If  you  use  LOADER,  you  may  find  that  you must

reassemble it with  an increase in  the assembly parameter  RELLEN (the

number of REQUIREd  files).  This is especially  true if you  use BAIL.

If you  use LINK,  note that SAIL  uses the  old format  JOBDAT symbols

(e.g., JOBSA instead  of .JBSA).  There is  an assembly switch  in LINK

for this.   However, our normal  assembly procedure  includes appending

JOBDAT.REL to LOWTSA.REL.  Since  this copy of JOBDAT.REL  contains the

old format symbols you should  have no problem.  Sites using  a version

of LINK with the old symbols need not append JOBDAT to LOWTSA.

        LINKAGE TO THE EXEC.  The standard EXEC distributed by  DEC for

Tops-20 understands about the SAIL compiler.  Unfortunately it does not

realize that SAIL programs need to be loaded with SYS:LOWTSA.   We have

included a patch to  make loading work correctly.  The  file EXECCS.DIF

contains the  patch in source  form.  For sites  that do not  have EXEC




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sources, the  file FILDDT.DDT  can be  used to  insert the  patch using

FILDDT.  Do ENABLE PATCHING and GET EXEC.EXE.  This will open  the file

EXEC.EXE.  Then  use the $Y  command to DDT.   This will take  the file

FILDDT.DDT.  (the file  name must be  FILDDT.DDT.) When $Y  is finished

(it will take some time.  You will know when it is finished because the

system will type out a  carriage-return, line feed), do a control  Z to

put out the patches and exit from FILDDT.  If for some reason this does

not work  with your FILDDT,  we include one  in the  distribution. Once

this  patch is  done, you  should be  able to  use EXECUTE  and COMPILE

commands.  The  DEBUG command  will cause /DEBUG:SDDT  to be  passed to

LINK.  This will load SDDT.REL,  which will in turn require BAIL  to be

loaded, and set a breakpoint at the beginning of the program.  This all

assumes that  an .SM1  file was produced  by the  original compilation.

When the EXEC calls SAIL, it will thus assume /BAIL:17.  However if you

run SAIL explicitly, it will use whatever switches you do or don't set,

so you can get yourself  into minor trouble by compiling  without /BAIL

and then trying to use the DEBUG command.  If you attempt to  compile a

program from a different directory than your connected  directory, this

will fail.  The  DEC EXEC will pass  a Tops-10 PPN (!!!!!),  while SAIL

expects  a directory  name.  These  problems can  be fixed  with simple

patches to the EXEC, if you are a source site.

        NEW OPCODE TABLE.   You can make  a new opcode  table 3OPS3.OPS

using  the  program  MAKTAB.TNX.  This  program  reads  your MONSYM.MAC

(STENEX.MAC or  .FAI on Tenex),  file and writes  out a  new 3OPS3.OPS,

including your jsyses into the PDP10(KA) instruction set.  To do this,



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@SAIL                   ;use new compiler
  TENEX SAIL etc
*MAKTAB.TNX
                        ;various messages about compilation
*^C
@LINK
*SYS:LOWTSA,DSK:MAKTAB/G
                        ;loader exits
@START
INPUT FILE FOR JSYS'ES (STENEX.FAI)  *MONSYM.MAC

                        ;writes out new opcode table


        The 3OPS3.OPS file supplied has the JSYSes available  at SUMEX.

It will therefore work, but is not optimal.

        INSTALLING  BAIL.   The  following  files  should  be   put  on

directory <SAIL> in order to have the BAIL debugging system available.

BAICLC.REL,SM1
BAIIO1.REL,SM1
BAIIO2.REL,SM1
BAIMSC.REL,SM1
BAIPRC.REL,SM1
BAISM1.REL
BAIL.SAI
BAIPD9.SAI,SM1


If you are a Tenex site,  you will have to do some reassembly:  This is

because  certain parts  of  BAIL have  assembly-time  conditionals, and

because  BAIL  and  BAIPD9 include  require  statements  for  which the

compiler must produce PPN's appropriate for your particular system.  DO

NOT ATTEMPT  TO USE BAI*.REL  FROM ANOTHER SITE.   (The .SM1  files are

transportable.) There  is a  file TENEX.RUN which  is supposedly  a run

file to do what is needed.  Slight modifications may be needed for your

site,  depending  upon what  loader  you  use, etc.   You  may  find it




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necessary to  use the  FAIL.SAV supplied with  this distribution  to do

your compiling, as BBN's FAIL apparently will not compile  SAIL.  (This

is a  special version of  FAIL for  Tenex, since we  are told  that the

standard one we use for Tops-20 will not run on Tenex.)

        ADDITIONAL FILES.   Several additional  files are  on directory

<XSAIL>.  These include:

PROFIL.SAI              ;the execution counter system
PROFIL.DOC              ;simple description of above -- see
                        ;SAIL MANUAL by Kurt Van Lehn for a
                        ;description


        CURRENT STATE.  At present, there is no new development  of the

SAIL language, and issues of maintenance have become unclear.  In order

to support  current users,  and in  order to  make available  to TOPS20

users the most complete ALGOL-like language for use in the TENEX/TOPS20

environment, we are  undertaking very limited  maintenance specifically

for TENEX and TOPS20 problems.

        The  file  SAIL.DOC,  included  with  this  distribution,  will

indicate the  nature of the  changes made for  Tops-20.  The  same code

(compiler, object code, and  runtime system) now runs under  both TENEX

and TOPS20 version 3.

        It is our intention to support TENEX/TOPS20 SAIL to  the extent

needed to keep  the system from falling  completely in its  tracks.  At

present,  we  have very  limited  resources for  doing  this.   I would

appreciate  your reporting  any questions/problems  to HEDRICK@RUTGERS.

Suggestions  for improvements  will also  be appreciated  but  will, at





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least for now, be given low  priority.  We would like a list  of users,

so please send us your names.

















































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