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decuslib20-04
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decus/20-0134/xlearn.fcl
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ERASE,ALL
C - FOCAL LEARNING PROGRAM
C-FOCAL v3A(226)-1 1716 24-OCT-73
01.01 X FOCAL(2,2);D 2
01.02 D 3.1
01.03 E 3.1;D 3
01.04 D 4
01.05 D 5.1
01.06 E 5.1;D 5
01.07 D 6.1
01.08 E 6.1;D 6
01.09 D 7.1
01.10 E 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1.10
01.11 D 21
01.12 D 22
01.13 D 23.05
01.14 E 23.05;D 23
01.15 E 23.1;D 23
01.16 E 23.2;D 23
01.17 D 24
01.18 D 25
01.19 D 26
01.20 E 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,1.20
01.21 D 31
01.22 D 32
01.23 E 32.1;D 32
01.24 D 33
01.25 D 34
01.26 D 35
01.27 D 36
01.28 D 37
01.29 D 38
01.30 E 38.1;D 38
01.31 E 11,19,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,1.31
01.40 D 41
01.41 D 42
01.42 E 42.1;D 42
01.43 D 43
01.44 D 44
01.45 D 45
01.46 D 46
01.47 D 47
01.48 D 48
02.10 T %8.04,!!"FOCAL MAY BE USED IN PROGRAM OR";D 9.1;T !;D 9.1
02.20 T " ALLOWS 'DESK CALCULATOR' OPERATION"!;D 9.2;T " IS USEFUL FO
02.30 T "R THIS PURPOSE"!!"THE COMPUTER WILL RECEIVE A COMMAND ON TYP
02.40 T "ING '*'";D 9.3;T !"TYPE 123.456";D 8;E 1.01;Q
03.10 D 9.4;E 1.02;Q
03.20 T !!;D 9.2;T " CAN ALSO BE USED IN CALCULATING.";D 9.3
03.30 T !"TYPE 1+2";D 8;E 1.03;Q
04.10 T !!"'*' REPRESENTS MULTIPLY, '/' DIVIDE AND BRACKETS ARE AVAIL
04.20 T "ABLE";D 9.3;T !"TYPE (3/4-9)/(1.23*2.45+1)";D 8;E 1.04;Q
05.10 D 9.4;E 1.05;Q
05.20 T !!;D 9.2;T " CAN BE USED TO PRINT TEXT";D 9.3
05.30 T !"TYPE ";X FCHR(34);T"MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB";X FCHR(34)
05.40 D 9.5,8,10;E 1.06;Q
06.10 D 9.4,10;E 1.07;Q
06.20 T !!"TEXT, EXPRESSIONS ETC. MAY ALL BE PLACED AFTER";D 9.2
06.25 T !"SEPARATED BY COMMAS";D 9.3
06.30 T !"TYPE ";X FCHR(34);T"ONE=";X FCHR(34);T",1,";X FCHR(34);T"A=";X FCHR(34);T",3.4/5.6,";X FCHR(34);T"B=";X FCHR(34);T",(9-0.7)/4"
06.40 D 9.5,8.3;E 10.21;D 10;E 1.08;Q
07.10 D 9.4,10;E 1.09;Q
07.20 L C F29B;G
08.20 T !"END ALL COMMANDS WITH THE RETURN KEY
08.30 T !"TYPE 'GO' TO RESUME THE TUTORIAL"!!
09.10 T " IMMEDIATE MODE
09.20 T " THE 'TYPE' COMMAND
09.30 T !" TRY TYPING THE COMMAND:
09.40 T !!"TRY 2 OR 3 SIMILAR COMMANDS - AGAIN";D 8
09.50 T !"N.B. TYPE DOUBLE QUOTES AROUND THE TEXT
10.10 T "IF YOU MIS-TYPE"!"THE 'RUBOUT' OR 'DEL' KEY DELETES THE PRECED
10.20 T "ING LETTER(S)"!
10.21 T"EACH DELETED LETTER IS ECHOED AS IT IS RUBBED OUT."!
20.10 T !"RESUME THE TUTORIAL WITH 'GO'"!!
21.30 T !!%8.04"A SPECIAL SYMBOL, '!', IS USED WITH";D 29.2;T !"TO STA
21.40 T "RT A NEW LINE"!"TRY";D 29.3;T !"TYPE !"!"THEN TRY";D 29.3
21.50 T !"TYPE !!!!!";D 20;E 1.11;Q
22.10 D 29.4;T " WITH TEXT, EXPRESSIONS & '!'"!"SEPARATED BY ','";D 20;E 1.12;Q
23.05 D 29.9;D 29.3;T !"SET A=43.73";D 28;E 1.13;Q
23.10 T !!"NOW TRY"!"SET A=2+3*4-5.6/7.8";D 28;E 1.14;Q
23.20 D 29.4,20;E 1.15;Q
23.30 T !!"THE '=' SIGN IN";D 29.6;T " DIFFERS FROM AN ALGEBRAIC '='
23.40 T !"TRY";D 29.3;T !"SET A=1";D 28.1;T !"SET A=A+1";D 28;E 1.16;Q
24.10 T !!"SO FAR WE HAVE WORKED IN IMMEDIATE MODE"!"WE PROGRAM WITH
24.20 D 29.8;T "S. TRY";D 29.3;T !"11.12 SET A=1";D 28.1;T !"11.15 TYPE
24.30 T " A,!"!"A";D 29.8;D 29.7;T " THROUGH THE 'DO' COMMAND"!"AFTER T
24.40 T "YPING THE";D 29.8;T "S ABOVE TRY";D 29.3;T !"DO 11.12";D 28.1
24.50 T !"DO 11.15";D 20;E 1.17;Q
25.10 T !!"NOW TYPE A NEW LINE"!"11.13 SET A=A+1"!"TRY 'DO'ING ALL 3
25.20 T " LINES IN VARIOUS ORDERS";D 20;E 1.18;Q
26.10 T !!"YOU CAN WRITE OUT A LINE THUS - TRY"!"WRITE 11.12";D 28.1
26.20 T !"WRITE 11.13";D 28.1;T !"WRITE 11.15";D 20;E 1.19;Q
27.10 T !!"WRITE 11"!"AND"!"DO 11"!"'WRITE' AND 'DO' ALL '11' LINES
28.10 T !" FOLLOWED BY
28.20 T !"TYPE A";D 20
29.20 T " THE 'TYPE' COMMAND
29.30 T " TYPING:
29.40 T !!"NOW TRY SOME SIMILAR COMMANDS
29.60 T " THE 'SET' COMMAND
29.70 T " MAY BE USED
29.80 T " NUMBERED COMMAND
29.90 T !!;D 29.6;D 29.7;T " TO SET THE VALUE OF A VARIABLE"!"TRY
30.10 T !"RESUME WITH 'GO'"!!
31.30 T %8.04" - TRY THEM";D 30;E 1.21;Q
32.10 T !!;D 39.2;T " HALTS A PROGRAM - TRY IT"!"REENTER FOCAL BY THE 'REENTER' MONITOR COMMAND"!;E 1.22;Q
32.20 T !!"GOTO 11.12"!"WILL CAUSE THE PROGRAM TO TRANSFER TO THE
32.30 T " NUMBERED LINE,"!"CARRY OUT THAT COMMAND & THEN EACH NU
32.40 T "MBERED COMMAND IN TURN"!"TRY IT"!"THEN TRY 'GOTO' WITH EA
32.45 12.01 Q
32.50 T "CH OTHER '11' LINE";D 30;E 1.23;Q
33.10 T !!"TYPE IN"!"11.19 GOTO 11.13"!"NOW TRY"!"WRITE 11"!"& STAR
33.20 T "T WITH"!"GOTO 11.12"!"N.B. YOU MUST HALT BY";D 39.2;T!"RESUME WITH 'REENTER' AND 'GO'"!;E 1.24;Q
34.10 T !!"AN ALTERNATIVE TO 'SET' IS 'ASK' - TRY"!"ASK A"!"FOLLOWED B
34.20 T "Y"!"TYPE A,!"!"TYPE IN A NUMBER AFTER ':'";D 30;E 1.25;Q
35.10 T !!"ERASE 11"!"ERASES ALL '11' LINES -TRY IT"!"THEN TRY
35.20 T !"WRITE 11";D 30;E 1.26;Q
36.10 T !!"ENTER & TRY A PROGRAM (USE '11' LINES) USING ASK & TYPE
36.20 T !"N.B. 'ERASE' MAY BE USED WITH SINGLE LINES";D 30;E 1.27;Q
37.10 T !!"SUBSCRIPTS ARE SHOWN BY BRACKETED NUMBERS"!"AFTER THE VA
37.20 T "RIABLE NAME"!"TRY"!"SET A(1)=30.34"!"&"!"SET A(2)=43.75
37.30 T !"THEN"!"TYPE A(1),!"!"&"!"TYPE A(2),!";D 30;E 1.28;Q
38.10 T !!"SET AND TYPE MORE SUBSCRIPTED VARIABLES";D 30;E 1.29;Q
38.20 T !!"IF (X)LINE 1,LINE 2,LINE 3"!"ACTS AS";D 39.1;T " 1' IF X<0 ,
38.30 D 39.1;T " 2' IF X=0 , OR";D 39.1;T " 3' IF X>0"!"'ASK' PRINTS TE
38.40 T "XT LIKE 'TYPE'"!"'ERASE 11' & ENTER THE FOLLOWING 'LOOPING' PROGRAM ....."
38.50 T !"11.10 ASK ";X FCHR(34);T"NO. OF READINGS";X FCHR(34);T",N"!
39.10 T !"'GOTO LINE
39.20 T " TYPING CONTROL/C TWICE
41.50 T %8.04"11.20 SET I=0"!"11.30 SET I=I+1
41.60 T !"11.40 ASK A(I)"!"11.50 IF (I-N)11.3,11.6,11.3"!"11.60 SET I=0
41.70 T !"11.70 SET I=I+1"!"11.80 TYPE A(I),!"!"11.90 IF (I-N)11.7,11
41.75 12.01 Q
41.80 T ".95,11.7"!"11.95 TYPE ";X FCHR(34);T"OUTPUT FINISHED";X FCHR(34);T",!"!" ";T !!;E 1.40;Q
42.10 T !!"NOW TYPE 'GOTO 11.1'"!!;E 1.41;Q
42.20 T !!"'LOOPING' IS BETTER DONE WITH 'FOR'"!"11.20 FOR I=1,N;A
42.40 T "SK A(I)";D 49.2;T " 11.2 TO 11.5";D 49.3;T " 11.2";D 49.4;E 1.42;Q
43.10 T !!"SIMILARLY"!"11.60 FOR I=1,N;TYPE A(I),!";D 49.2
43.20 T " 11.6 TO 11.9";D 49.3;T " 11.6";D 49.4;E 1.43;Q
44.10 T !!"'FOR I=1,N;-' MEANS FOR I=1 UP TO I=N CARRY OUT ALL COMMANDS
44.20 T " AFTER ';'"!"N.B. A LINE MAY CONTAIN DIFFERENT COMMANDS SE
44.30 T "PARATED BY ';'"!"'FOR' IS USED IN SUMMING - ENTER"!"11.70 SET S=
44.40 T "0;FOR I=1,N;SET S=S+A(I)"!"11.92 TYPE ";X FCHR(34);T"S=";X FCHR(34);T",S"!;D 49.4;E 1.44;Q
45.10 T !!"'TYPE' USES THE LAST FORMAT GIVEN"!"ABOVE IT WAS '%8.04'
45.20 T !"[SPACE FOR 8 DIGITS & 4 DECIMALS]"!"'%' IS FORMAT - TRY
45.30 T !"TYPE %8.04,1,!,%5.02,1,!,%2,1,!,%,1,!
45.40 T !"[N.B. INTEGER & 'E' FORMATS]"!!;E 1.45;Q
46.10 T !!"TRY MORE FORMATS"!!;E 1.46;Q
47.10 T !!"CALCULATE FACTORIAL 30 BY"!"SET M=1;FOR A=1,30;SET M=
47.20 T "M*A"!"THEN"!"TYPE %,M,!"!!;E 1.47;Q
48.10 T !"**TUTORIAL ENDS**"!"READ THE FOCAL MANUAL"!!;E A
49.20 T !"WILL REPLACE LINES
49.30 T !"ERASE THEM & TYPE IN THE NEW
49.40 T !"'WRITE 11' & START AS ABOVE"!!
TYPE "FOCAL LEARNING PROGRAM."!!!"THIS PROGRAM WILL ASSIST YOU TO LEARN HOW TO USE FOCAL"!
TYPE "AS A DESK CALCULATOR AND AS A PROGRAMMING TOOL."!
TYPE "FOCAL WILL LEAD YOU THROUGH A LESSON, IN WHICH YOU WILL"!
TYPE "RECEIVE INSTRUCTIONS, YOU WILL TRY SOME EXAMPLES, AND"!
TYPE "YOU WILL RETURN TO THE INSTRUCTOR BY TYPING 'GO' AND CARRIAGE-RETURN."!!!
TYPE !"TO PROCEED, TYPE 'GO' AND STRIKE THE CARRIAGE-RETURN KEY."!