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TECO REFERENCE CARD is taking place; always filespec on subsequent
positioned between two "TECO<CR>" commands. Note that
March 15, 1979 characters. the "$" characters shown are
dollar-signs, not escapes.
* * * Q-registers Auxiliary data storage Since real escapes on the
locations available for storing command line would cause the
For complete descriptions and examples numbers, character strings, and command to terminate
of TECO's commands, refer to the TECO TECO commands. prematurely, we make use of a
manual and DOC:TEC124.DOC. "pseudo-escape" character, the
Filespec dev:filnam.ext<prot>[proj,prog, dollar sign. TECO will
* * * sfd1,sfd2,...]/sw1/sw2... substitute real escapes as it
executes the command(s).
CREATING AND EDITING A FILE R TECO<CR> Run the TECO editor
SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS without selecting any files for
The following monitor commands editing. File selection must
^ Designates the following letter automatically run the TECO be made with the TECO commands
or character as a control editor and perform standard described under "File
character. In general, TECO file initialization. Selection".
will allow you to type a
control character in the MAKE filespec<CR>
"<up-arrow><character>" form, Create a new file with TECO. EXITING FROM TECO
unless it is part of a text Performs an automatic
string within a search or EWfilespec$. EX Output the remainder of the
insert command. input file, close the output
TECO filespec<CR> file, and then exit to the
$ Altmode or escape key (^[). Edit an existing file with monitor. If an ED command is
TECO. Performs an automatic in effect, run the specified
<CR> Carriage return key (^M). EBfilespec$EY$ sequence. program.
<LF> Line feed key (^J). TECO<CR> Enter TECO using the file named EG Output the remainder of the
in the previous edit. file, close and then re-execute
<TAB> Tab key (^I). the last compile class command
MAKE filespec1=filespec2<CR> that was typed.
<FF> Form feed key (^L). Same as "TECO filespec2", but
direct the output to filespec1, ^C Exit immediately to the
m or n Represents any number. Many and don't create a .BAK file. monitor. May also be used to
TECO commands accept a numeric (Performs an automatic abort an editing session
argument, which, if missing, EWfilespec1$ ERfilespec2$ EY$ (leaves original file intact).
generally defaults to 1. sequence.) A "TECO" command Typing CONTINUE (perhaps after
will always ignore the second performing some monitor
i Represents one of A-Z, 0-9, or filespec if given, causing commands) will allow you to
* for Q-register commands. filespec1 to be editted resume your editing session
normally. This allows where you left off. Typing
Buffer A block of core memory within "TECO <CR>" commands following REENTER will cause TECO to
TECO into which text is read or a MAKE command to continue to abort any command string it may
inserted, edited, and output. edit the newly created file have been executing and ask for
rather than read from the the next command. (This is
Page The amount of text read into original one again. good for stopping infinite
the buffer by an input command search loops, etc.) ^C can be
or output by an output command. TECO filespec$command$...$command<CR> entered in the command string
Editing is performed in the Execute the specified commands by typing it as up-arrow C.
buffer on a page by page basis. following the filespec
automatically after entering ^Z Close the output file and exit
Buffer Pointer TECO (works with MAKE too). to the monitor. (Simple close;
Represents the current position The command string will be no files are renamed).
within the buffer where editing remembered as part of the
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BUFFER POSITIONS ^On Accept following number in FILE SELECTION SWITCHES
octal radix. Must be typed as
B Beginning of the buffer; 0. up-arrow O. These switches may also be used
with the MAKE and TECO monitor
. Current pointer position; commands.
number of characters to the FILE SELECTION
left of the pointer. /READONLY Used with TECO command
The following commands may be to cause ER instead of EB.
Z End of the buffer; number of used to control file selection.
characters in the buffer. /INPLACE Used with EB to cause file to
ERfilespec$ Select file for input. be overwritten with no .BAK
m,n m+1st through nth characters in file.
the buffer. Used with the K, EWfilespec$ Select file for output.
P, S, T, and X commands. /APPEND Used with MAKE command to cause
EBfilespec$ Select file for input EA instead of EW.
H Entire buffer; B,Z. and output, with backup
protection. /DEFAULT Used with ER, EW, EA, EB, EI
and EP to cancel any filespec
POINTER POSITIONING EAfilespec$ Select file for defaults previously in effect.
output--append rather than
nJ Move pointer to position supersede. /GENLSN Used with EW or EB to cause
between nth and n+1st line sequence numbers to be
characters. generated.
ADVANCED FILE SELECTION
nC Advance pointer n positions. /SUPLSN Used with ER, EB, or EW to
EPfilespec$ Read a file and put it suppress line sequence numbers.
nR Move pointer back n positions. into Q-register *.
Equivalent to -nC. /NOLSN Used with ER, EB to assume no
EIfilespec$ Read a file, put it into sequence numbers.
nL Move pointer to beginning of Q-reg *, and execute it as a
nth line from current pointer TECO macro.
position. LOG FILES
ENfilespec$ Rename the current input
0L Move pointer to beginning of file to filespec. ELfilespec$ Open a log file.
current line. Default is DSK:TECO.LOG.
EN$ Delete the current input file.
nEL$ Further control of log file:
ARITHMETIC OPERATORS EEfilespec$ Save the current state 0=nothing in log, 1=/NOIN,
of TECO in filespec. 2=/NOOUT, 3=everything in log,
m+n Add. DSK:TECO.SAV is the default. -1=close the log file.
m n Add. nEDfilespec$ Run filespec upon exit. /NOIN Used with EL to keep terminal
(SYS: is the default device. input out of the log file.
m-n Subtract. The optional argument n is the
starting address offset). /NOOUT Used with EL to keep terminal
m*n Multiply. output out of the log file.
ED$ Cancel pending ED (do not run
m/n Divide and truncate. anything on exit from TECO). /APPEND Used with EL to append to
rather than supersede the log
m&n Bitwise logical AND. EK Cancel existing EW or EA. file.
m#n Bitwise inclusive OR. nEM Position magnetic tape.
() Perform enclosed operations EZfilespec$ Zero directory (DECtape)
first. and select file for output.
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TERMINAL INITIALIZATION a form feed character, and do ^Gi Used inside an insert string to
not change the buffer. cause the contents of
EVterminal$ Specifies terminal type. Q-register i to be inserted
(ACT4, ACT5, ADD580, ADM2, n^P Same as nP, but end up at the into the string at that point.
ADM3, ADM3A, BEE, CDC, CRT, nth absolute page of the file,
DPT, H1200, H1500, H2000, rather than the nth page past ^T Used inside insert strings to
HP2640, VT05, VT50, VT52, and the current page. cause all control characters
TTY). TECO is initialized to except ^R, ^T, and altmode to
CRT. EF Close the output file. be taken as text. Nullified by
a second ^T. (Note: does not
nEV$ Returns value of terminal work unless the monitor command
parameter n. INSERTION "TTY RTCOMPATIBILITY" has been
given).
m,nEV$ Set terminal parameter m to a Itext$ Insert the text delimited by I
value of n. and altmode.
DELETION
^Itext$ Insert a tab followed by all
INPUT the text up to the altmode. nD Delete the n characters
following the pointer position.
EY Clear buffer and input one
page. (Y may be used at macro ADVANCED INSERTION -nD Delete the n characters
level). preceding the pointer position.
@I/text/ Insert the text delimited by
A Input one page and append to the arbitrary character nK Delete all characters in the
current buffer contents. following I. buffer from the current pointer
position to the beginning of
:nA Input n lines of text and nI$ Insert the character with ASCII the nth line from the pointer
append to current buffer value n (decimal). position.
contents. (Won't read past a
form feed.) n\ Insert the ASCII representation m,nK Delete the m+1st through the
of the decimal integer n. nth characters.
n^Y Input until page n is in the
buffer. n\\ Insert the ASCII representation
of the octal integer n. IMMEDIATE TYPE-OUT COMMANDS
n^U Perform a USETI. Positions
input file to block n for next ^V In an insert string, translate The following commands execute
input command. (ER'd files next character (if alphabetic) immediately when typed as the
only; illegal with EB). Must to lower case. first character following the
be typed as up-arrow U. prompting "*".
^V^V In an insert string, translate
remaining alphabetic characters ^J <LF> When typed immediately after
OUTPUT to lower case. the prompt, moves the pointer
to the beginning of the next
nPW Output n copies of the current ^W In an insert string, translate line and types the line. (Same
page and append a form feed next character (if alphabetic) as 1LT).
character to each. Does not to upper case.
change the buffer. ^H When typed immediately after
^W^W In an insert string, translate the prompt, moves the pointer
nP Output the current page, clear remaining alphabetic characters to the beginning of the
the buffer, and read in the to upper case. preceding line and types the
next page. Continue this line. (Same as -1LT).
process until the nth page from ^^ In a insert string, translate
the current page has been next character (if @, [, \, ], ; When typed immediately after
input. ^, or _) to "lower case" range. the prompt, moves the pointer
to the beginning of the current
m,nP Output the m+1st through the ^R In an insert string, accept line and types the line. (Same
nth characters. Do not append next character as text. as 0LT).
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TYPE-OUT 0ES Set to no automatic typeout nNtext$ Equivalent to nStext$ except
after searches. that if the text is not found
nT Type all text in the buffer on the current page, pages are
from the current pointer ^Amessage^A Type the message input and output until it is
position to the beginning of enclosed. found.
the nth line from the pointer
position. ^L <FF> Type a form feed. nFNoldtext$newtext$
Equivalent to FS except that if
m,nT Type the m+1st through the nth ^T Stop command execution, wait the text is not found on the
characters. for the user to type a current page, pages are input
character, and then take on the and output until it is found.
nV Type all text within n lines ASCII value (in decimal) of the
from the current line. character typed. nFDtext$ Search for nth occurrence of
Equivalent to (1-n)T nT. text and delete everything from
:m,n^T Extended ^T operations: the current pointer position to
Qi= Type the contents of Q-register TTCALLS and echo control. the end of text.
i. (Numeric or text). :0^T INCHRW :1,8^T
:n,1^T OUTCHR n :9^T
n= Type the decimal integer n. :2^T INCHRS :10^T ADVANCED SEARCHING
:4^T INCHWL :11^T
n== Type the octal integer n. :5^T INCHSL :12^T n_text$ Equivalent to nNtext$ except
:6^T GETLCH :n,13^T that it does input only, no
:n,7^T SETLCH n :-1^T output.
ADVANCED TERMINAL I/O :8^T RESCAN 1 :-2^T
:nStext$ Equivalent to nStext$ except
m,n= If m<0, same as n=; if m=0, that it returns a value of -1
don't output a CRLF after the if the search succeeds or 0 if
number; if m>0, output the it fails instead of an error
ASCII character whose value is SEARCHING message. The : command can
m after the number. also be used with FS, N, FN,
(Note: the buffer pointer is FD, and _.
1ET Set to literal typeout mode. left unchanged when a search
fails unless the search caused @nS/text/ Equivalent to nStext$
2ET Set to image typeout mode. a new page to be read into the except that the text is
buffer). delimited by the arbitrary
0ET Restore typeout mode to normal. character following the S. The
(Type control characters in nStext$ Search for the nth occurrence @ command may also be used with
up-arrow form, altmodes as (following the pointer) of the FS, N, FN, FD, and _.
dollar signs, etc.). text delimited by S and
altmode, but do not go beyond 0^X Reset search mode to accept
0EU Flag lower case characters on the end of the current page. either case.
typeout by preceding them with If n<0, search backwards.
a ' (standard unless "TTY LC" n^X (n#0) Set search mode to
is in effect). m,nStext$ Same as S, but search "exact" mode.
only between pointer positions
1EU Flag upper case characters on m and n. If m>n, search ^V In a search string, translate
typeout. backwards. next character (if alphabetic)
to lower case.
-1EU No case flagging on typeout. nFSoldtext$newtext$
Search for the nth occurrence ^V^V In a search string, translate
-1ES Set automatic typeout after (following the pointer) of the remaining alphabetic characters
searches. first text string and replace to lower case.
it with the second text string.
nES (n>0) Set automatic typeout Do not go beyond the end of the ^W In a search string, translate
and use the character with current page. next character (if alphabetic)
ASCII value n (decimal) to show to upper case.
the position of the pointer.
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^W^W In a search string, translate ^EV Accept any lower case m,nMi Execute the text in Q-register
remaining alphabetic characters alphabetic character as a i as a command string. The
to upper case. match. arguments are optional, and are
passed to the first command of
^^ In a search string, translate ^EW Accept any upper case the string.
next character (if @, [, \, ], alphabetic character as a
^, or _) to "lower case" range. match. m,nWi Execute the text in Q-register
i as a command string by a
^R In a search string, accept next ^ED Accept any digit as a match. "jump" rather than a "call".
character as text.
^EL Accept any end-of-line [i Push the current contents of
^T Used inside text arguments to character as a match. Q-register i onto the
cause all control characters Q-register pushdown list.
except ^R, ^T, and altmode to ^ES Accept any string of spaces
be taken as text. Nullified by and/or tabs as a match. n[i Equivalent to [i nUi.
a second ^T. (Requires "TTY
RTCOMPATIBILITY" monitor ^E<nnn> Accept the ASCII character m,n[i Equivlent to [i m,nUi.
command). whose octal value is nnn as a
match. ]i Pop the last stored entry from
^\ Used inside search arguments to the Q-register pushdown list
indicate accept either case for ^E[a,b,c...] Accept any one of the into Q-register i.
following characters. characters in the brackets as a
Nullified by a second ^\. match. *i If typed immediately after the
prompt, save the preceding
^X When used inside a text command string in Q-register i.
argument, accept any character Q-REGISTERS
at this position in the search EPfilespec$ Read a file and put it
string. nUi Store the integer n in into Q-register *.
Q-register i.
^S Accept any separator character EIfilespec$ Read a file, put it into
at this position. A separator m,nUi Store the integer n in Q-reg *, and execute it as an
is any character except a Q-register i and return the TECO macro.
letter, digit, period, dollar value of m. (For example, the
sign, or percent sign. (Note: command m,nUiUj is equivalent
does not work unless the to nUi mUj). ITERATION COMMANDS
monitor command "TTY NO PAGE"
has been given). Qi Return the value stored in n<commands> Perform the enclosed
Q-register i (for use as a command string n times.
^Na Accept any character except the numeric argument to another
arbitrary character a following command). ; Jump out of the current
^N. iteration field, if the last
%i Increment the value in search executed failed.
^Q Take the next character in the Q-register i by 1 and return
search string literally, even this value. n; If n>=0, jump out of the
if it is a control character. current iteration field.
(Note: does not work unless nXi Store, in Q-register i, all
the monitor command "TTY NO characters from the current
PAGE" has been given). pointer position to the FLOW CONTROL
beginning of the nth line from
^Gi Substitute the contents of the pointer. !tag! Define a position in the
Q-reg i into the text string at command string with the name
this point. m,nXi Store the m+1st through nth "tag".
characters in Q-register i.
^EA Accept any alphabetic character Otag$ Jump to the position defined by
as a match. Gi Insert a copy of the text in !tag!. WARNING: Don't use O
Q-register i at the current to jump into or out of
pointer position. iteration brackets <..>.
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CONDITIONAL EXECUTION COMMANDS n"Scommands' If n is "successful", ^X Value of the search mode flag.
execute the enclosed commands. (0=either case mode, -1=exact
These commands are of the form mode).
n"Ucommands' If n is "unsuccessful",
n"x.......' execute the enclosed commands. EU The value of the EU flag. +1 =
flag upper case characters. 0
If the numeric value of n = flag lower case characters.
satisfies condition x, all the SPECIAL NUMERIC VALUES -1 = no case flagging on
commands between "x and ' are typeout.
executed; execution falls nA The ASCII value (decimal) of
through the apostrophe unless the character n positions to EO The value of the EO flag. 1 =
the command string contains a the right of the pointer. 0A version 21A; 2 = versions 22,
jump. If n does not satisfy x, gives the character to the left 23; 3 = TECO 123 and 124.
execution resumes with the of the pointer, -nA gives the
command following the '. character n+1 positions to the EH The value of the EH flag. 1 =
left of the pointer. If the code only, 2 = code plus one
n"Ecommands' If n=0, execute the position lies outside the line, 3 = all of error message.
commands specified between "E buffer boundaries, return 0.
and '; otherwise, skip to the ^^x The ASCII value (decimal) of
'. m,nA Same as nA, but returns m if the arbitrary character x
the position is outside the following ^^.
n"Ncommands' If n#0, execute the buffer boundaries.
enclosed commands. \ The decimal value of the digit
^E The form feed flag. Equals 0 string following the pointer.
n"Lcommands' If n<0, execute the if no form feed character was Leaves pointer at right end of
enclosed commands. read on the last input, -1 the digit string.
otherwise.
n"Gcommands' If n>0, execute the \\ The octal value of the digit
enclosed commands. ^N The end-of-file flag; equals -1 string following the pointer.
if end of input file seen on Leaves pointer at right end of
n"Ccommands' If n is the ASCII value last input. Otherwise equals the digit string.
(decimal) of a symbol 0.
constituent character (a ^G Returns job number.
letter, digit, period, percent ^F Decimal value of the console
sign, or dollar sign), execute data switches. n^G Monitor PEEK UUO, using n as an
the enclosed commands. argument.
-1^F TTY number (+ 200000 octal) of
n"Dcommands' If n is a digit execute this job. m,n^G Monitor GETTAB call, using m,n
the enclosed commands. as arguments.
n^F TTY number (+ 200000 octal) of
n"Acommands' If n is alphabetic, job n.
execute the enclosed commands. AIDS
^H The time of day in 60th's of a
n"Vcommands' If n is lower case second. Must be typed as : Enables error control. Many
alphabetic, execute the up-arrow H. commands (especially search and
enclosed commands. file commands), if preceded by
ET The value of the type-out mode a :, will not cause an error
n"Wcommands' If n is upper case switch. (0=normal, 1=literal, message if they fail. The :
alphabetic, execute the 2=image). modifier will cause the command
enclosed commands. to return a value of 0 if it
ES The value of the autotype after fails, -1 if it is successful.
n"Tcommands' If n is true, execute successful searches switch. -1 Exception: :nA command uses :
the enclosed commands. = auto typeout, 0 = no typeout, to distinguish it from nA.
n>0 = autotype using ASCII
n"Fcommands' If n is false, execute character n to show position of EC Perform a garbage collection
the enclosed commands. pointer. and reduce the amount of core
as much as possible.
Page 19 Page 20
/ When used after an error ^V Set prevailing mode for
message, this causes a more insertions and searches to
detailed explanation of the lower case.
error to be typed.
^W Set prevailing mode for
*i When used at the beginning of a insertions and searches to
command string, this causes the upper case.
entire previous command string
(minus one of the two
concluding altmodes) to be
moved into Q-register i.
? When used after an error
message, this causes the
offending command to be typed
out (with a few of the commands
preceding it).
? Enter trace mode. A second ?
command takes TECO out of trace
mode.
<DEL> Rubout last character typed in
the command string.
^H If a CRT has been specified,
erases and backs over
previously typed character.
(Must be typed as a control
character.)
^G^G Erase the entire command
string.
^G <space> Retype current line of
command string.
^G. Retype entire command.
^U Erase everything typed in back
to the last CRLF. (Must be
typed as a control character.)
0EO Restore the EO value to
standard (3).
nEO (n not 0) Set the EO value to n.
1EH Type only code part of error
messages.
2EH Type error code plus one line.
3EH Type all three parts of error.
0EH Equivalent to 2EH.