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*****Abort_statement
ABORT [value_expression]
The ABORT statement stops the execution of either a single
statement or an entire procedure or command file depending upon the
setting of the ABORT SET option.
If present, the value expression, preceded by a question mark,
is displayed when the statement is terminated.
*****ADT_command
ADT
The Application Design Tool (ADT) creates a domain definition,
a record definition, and an empty RMS file in response to a series
of questions. ADT allows you to create a database and begin using it
as quickly as possible.
*****Assignment_statement
name = value_expression
group_name = group_name
domain_name = record_selection_expression
The assignment statement evaluates the item on the right hand
side of the equals sign and assigns its value to the item on the left
hand side.
The first type of assignment statement assigns a value to a single
variable or field.
The second type of assignment statement assigns values from one group
of fields to another group of fields with matching field names.
The third type of assignment statement, the Restructure statement,
assigns the records specified by the RSE to another domain.
Note that the assignment statement begins with an arbitrary name. If
you have made a typing error or forgotten a command or statement name, the
name you entered may have been interpreted as a variable name.
Type ? or HELP Statement-or-command for more information.
*****Begin_statement
BEGIN statement [statement...] END
The BEGIN-END statement groups a number of statements together
so that they can be executed as a single statement. The BEGIN-END
statement is often used within an IF, WHILE, or REPEAT statement.
*****Boolean_expression
ANY record_selection_expression (record stream is not empty)
value_expression relational_operator value_expression
NOT Boolean_expression
Boolean_expression AND Boolean_expression
Boolean_expression OR Boolean_expression
A Boolean expression is any of the above expressions that can
be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE. Boolean expressions can be combined with
the Boolean operators: NOT, AND/BUT, and OR and grouped together using
parentheses. If parentheses are not used, the expressions are evaluated
in the above order.
Boolean expressions are used in IF THEN and WHILE statements,
the WITH clause of record selection expressions, and the VALID IF clause
of record definitions.
Type HELP RELATIONAL_OPERATOR for more information.
*****Close_command
CLOSE
The CLOSE command stops the tracing begun by the OPEN command
and closes the trace file.
*****Cross_clause
[CROSS [context-var IN] rse-source] [...] [OVER field-name]
CROSS is a part of the record selection expression. It is used
to make a record stream that is the cross product of two or more
domains. With a Boolean or the OVER clause it is a "relational
join".
You can cross a domain with itself. This example prints
manufacturers who make boats with more than one type of rigging:
PRINT BUILDER, X.RIG, RIG OF
X IN YACHTS CROSS YACHTS OVER BUILDER WITH X.RIG GT RIG
This example prints a line for each boat and one of its owners:
PRINT TYPE, BOAT_NAME, NAME, PRICE OF
YACHTS CROSS OWNERS OVER TYPE
This example flattens the family hierarchy to simplify modifying
the list. It makes one record with each kid in the list joined
with the kid's family.
FOR FAMILIES CROSS KIDS MODIFY USING AGE = AGE + 1;
*****Data_dictionary
DATATRIEVE stores the definition of domains, records, tables,
procedures, and plots in the data dictionary. Objects in the
data dictionary are TOPS-20 files, and as such can be stored
hierarchically, using sub-directories, and protected using TOPS-20
file protection.
See DICTIONARY_PATH_NAME for more information.
*****Date_values
Values for dates stored in fields of usage DATE include:
NOW Current system date and time
TODAY Current system date
TOMORROW One day after current system date
YESTERDAY One day before current system date
specific date in almost any format you choose
*****Declare_statement
DECLARE variable_name field_definition_clause [field_def_clause...] .
DECLARE PORT port_name record_definition
The DECLARE statement defines the size and type of a local or
global variable or defines a temporary port. If the DECLARE statement is
entered within a BEGIN-END block, the variable or port is local and is
automatically released at the end of the execution of the block. If
the DECLARE statement is entered at DTR prompt level, the variable
or port is global and is only released by a RELEASE (variables) or
FINISH (ports) command.
See DEFINE_RECORD and FIELD_DEFINITION_CLAUSE for more information.
*****Define_command
DEFINE define_subcommand ;
The DEFINE command creates data files and data dictionary
elements. See DEFINE_SUBCOMMAND for more information.
*****Define_domain
The DEFINE DOMAIN command stores a domain definition in the data
dictionary.
For RMS Domains:
DEFINE DOMAIN path-name USING record-path-name ON file_specification ;
For remote domains:
DEFINE DOMAIN path-name USING domain-path-name AT node"user password acc"
For VIEW domains:
DEFINE DOMAIN view-path-name OF domain-path-name,... [BY | USING]
level-number-1 field-name-1 OCCURS FOR rse-1 .
level-number-2 field-name-2 OCCURS FOR rse-n
FROM domain-path-name-n ...
Use the SHOW DOMAINS command to list the names of available
domains. Use the SHOW domain-name command to list the definition of
a particular domain.
*****Define_file
The DEFINE FILE command creates an empty RMS file.
The SUPERSEDE option allows the next generation of the data file to
be created if a current generation exists. The MAX option selects an
RMS fixed length record file. The VARIABLE option selects an RMS
variable length record file. The STREAM option selects a stream
Ascii file. The KEY option selects an RMS keyed file and specifies
which field will be keys. The ALLOCATION clause (not shown) is
available for compatibility with VAX-11 Datatrieve; it does nothing.
Sequential file:
DEFINE FILE [FOR] domain-path-name [SUPERSEDE] ,...
MAX
VARIABLE
STREAM
Indexed sequential file:
DEFINE FILE [FOR] domain-path-name [SUPERSEDE],...
MAX
VARIABLE
KEY = field-name-1 [([NO] CHANGE [,] [NO] DUP)] [,...]
*****Define_port
DEFINE PORT path-name [USING] record-path-name ;
The DEFINE PORT command enters the definition of a port
into the data dictionary.
*****Define_procedure
DEFINE PROCEDURE path-name
.
.
.
END-PROCEDURE
The DEFINE PROCEDURE command enters a procedure definition
into the data dictionary.
Use the SHOW PROCEDURES command to list the names of available
procedures. Use the SHOW procedure-name command to display the
contents of a specific procedure.
*****Define_record
DEFINE RECORD path-name [USAGE default-text-type] [USING]
level-number-1 field-name-1 [field_definition_clause ...] .
level-number-2 field-name-2 [field_definition_clause ...] .
.
.
.
;
The DEFINE RECORD command enters a record definition into the
data dictionary. The default-text-type is one of DISPLAY_6, DISPLAY_7,
or DISPLAY_8 and specifies the character set used for all textual
fields in the record. See FIELD_DEFINITION_CLAUSE for more information.
Use the SHOW RECORDS command to list the names of available
records. Use the SHOW record-name command to display the
definition of a specific record.
*****Define_table
The DEFINE TABLE command enters a table definition into the
data dictionary.
Dictionary table:
DEFINE TABLE path-name
[QUERY_HEADER IS "header-segment"[/...]]
[EDIT_STRING IS edit_string]
code-1 : translation-1 [,]
code-2 : translation-2 [,] ...
[ELSE translation]
END_TABLE
Domain table:
DEFINE TABLE path-name FROM [DOMAIN] domain-path-name [USING]
code-field-name : translation-field-name
[ELSE translation-string]
END_TABLE
Use the SHOW TABLES command to list the names of available
tables. Use the SHOW table-name command to display the
definition of a specific table.
*****Define_subcommand
DOMAIN
FILE
PORT
PROCEDURE
RECORD
TABLE
DEFINE DOMAIN, PROCEDURE, PORT, RECORD, and TABLE make entries
in the data dictionary. DEFINE FILE causes an empty RMS file to be
created with the proper characteristics.
For more information see DEFINE_option, where option is
one of the above subcommands.
*****Define_file_option
MAX or STREAM or VARIABLE
SUPERSEDE
KEY = field [( Duplicate Change)]
The DEFINE FILE command causes an empty RMS file to be
created with the proper characteristics.
SUPERSEDE allows you to build a new empty file even if a file
currently exists.
STREAM makes an ASCII stream file, VARIABLE makes an RMS
file with variable length records, and MAX makes an RMS file with
fixed length records.
The KEY option makes an RMS indexed sequential file and
specifies which fields in the record are to be the keys.
Stream files cannot be keyed or contain binary fields. Records
in stream files cannot be modified or erased.
*****Delete_command
DELETE dictionary_path_name [,...] ;
The DELETE command deletes one or more dictionary elements
from the data dictionary.
*****Dictionary_path_name
CDD$name.[directory.directory...]name
[Directory.directory...]name
Every object in the data dictionary is stored in a single
TOPS-20 file. The dictionary path name of the object identifies the
TOPS-20 file name as follows:
If the first name begins with CDD$ it is an absolute path
name. Expand this name as a logical name. This is the initial TOPS-20
file specification.
If the name does not begin with CDD$, it is a relative path
name. Use the current default dictionary specification (the SHOW
DICTIONARY command will list the current default dictionary) as
the initial TOPS-20 file specification.
Now add the directory names to the initial file specification
as sub-directory names. The last name in the dictionary path name
becomes the file name of the TOPS-20 file which contains the dictionary
object.
Note that a typing error or a poorly formed statement or command
may be understood by Datatrieve to be a poorly formed path name. If Datatrieve
issues an error message describing an error in a name, check to see if
you have made any other errors in your statement or command, such as
forgetting the semicolon after a DELETE command.
*****Display_statement
DISPLAY value_expression
The DISPLAY statement types the value of the value expression
on your terminal. Note that the DISPLAY statement never uses an
edit string.
*****Domain_name
name
A domain name is the alias name or name of a readied domain.
*****Drop_statement
DROP [collection_name]
The DROP statement removes the selected record from a collection,
but does not remove that record from the data file in which it resides.
*****DTR
DATATRIEVE is a data management facility that can store, update,
and retrieve information, and generate reports and graphics.
Following the DATATRIEVE prompt, DTR>, you can type a command
or statement or invoke an indirect command file or procedure.
To learn how to get help on a specific topic, type HELP HELP.
You can also type a question mark, ?, at any time to display a menu
of what you can enter next.
*****Edit_characters
The following characters are valid characters in PICTURE and
EDIT strings.
A Alphabetic character or blank X Any character
T Text, groups of unbroken words 9 Digits
Z Digit or leading space * Digit or leading asterisk
V Decimal point + Plus sign
- Minus sign . Period
, Comma CR Credit
DB Debit B Blank
0 Zero $ Dollar sign
% Percent sign / Slash
"text" String literal E Floating point specifier
& Missing value specifier D Digit of day of the month
M Letter of name of the month N Digit of number of the month
Y Digit of year J Digit of Julian date
W Letter of day of the week
*****Edit_command
EDIT [dictionary element]
The EDIT command with no argument causes your default editor to
edit the last statement or command processed by DATATRIEVE. After
editing the text and exiting from the editor, DATATRIEVE automatically
reexecutes the edited text.
The EDIT dictionary element command causes your editor to edit
the specified dictionary element. After editing this dictionary element
and exiting from the editor, you are returned to DATATRIEVE.
The supported editors are TV, EDIT, and EDT.
*****End_report_statement
END_REPORT
The END_REPORT statement ends the report specification. Following
the END_REPORT statement, the Report Writer begins producing your
report.
*****Erase_statement
ERASE [ALL [OF record_selection_expression]]
The ERASE statement permanently removes one or more data records
from a data file.
*****Exit_command
EXIT
The EXIT command finishes all readied domains, releases all
collections, global variables, and tables, and returns to the TOPS-20 EXEC.
*****Extract_command
EXTRACT [dictionary_path_name,...] [On] output_file_specification
ALL
The EXTRACT command writes a command file that, when executed,
defines the named dictionary element. Use the EXTRACT command to
back up the data dictionary or edit dictionary elements.
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****Field_definition_clause
Field definition clauses are used in the DECLARE statement and
the DEFINE command to describe the characteristics of a field or variable.
The field definition clauses are:
BLANK WHEN ZERO Only for COBOL compatibility
QUERY-HEADER header-segment Column heading when printing
COMPUTED BY value-expression Value is calculated every time field is used
QUERY-NAME name An alias (alternate) name for the field
DEFAULT VALUE IS literal Default value for this field
REDEFINES name Alternate field definition
EDIT-STRING IS edit-string Output format of this field
SCALE IS literal Scale factor
JUSTIFIED LEFT/RIGHT Only for COBOL compatibility
SIGN IS LEADING/TRAILING SEPARATE Specifies the location of the sign
MISSING VALUE IS literal Values that indicate that no value is stored
SYNCHRONIZED RIGHT/LEFT Forces field to a word boundary
OCCURS n TIMES Repeating group (array)
USAGE usage Internal format of this field (see USAGE)
OCCURS n TO m TIMES DEPENDING ON name
Variable number of repeating occurances
PICTURE is picture-string Internal format of this field
VALID IF Boolean-expression Validates the field before storage
*****Find_statement
FIND record_selection_expression
The FIND statement establishes a collection of records from a
domain, view, collection, or list. The collection formed becomes the
current collection.
*****Finish_command
FINISH [domain_name] [,...]
The FINISH command ends your access to domains and domain
tables and releases any collections associated with the domains.
*****For_statement
FOR record_selection_expression statement
The FOR statement causes DATATRIEVE to execute the following
statement once for each record in the record selection expression.
*****Function
Functions process a number of arguments (can be none) and
return a value. Each argument can be a value expression.
For more information type HELP Statistical_functions.
FN$ABS(number) Absolute value of input
FN$ATAN(number) Arctangent of input
FN$COS(number) Cosine of input
FN$CREATE_LOG(string,string)
Assigns the first string as the logical name
for the second string
FN$DATE(date) Converts a date string to a 36-bit date value
FN$DAY(date) Day part of the input, an integer from 1 to 31
FN$DAY_OF_WEEK(date) Day of the week of the input, an integer; Monday is 1
FN$DELETE_LOG(string) Deletes the assignment of the specified logical name
FN$EXP(number) Value of e to the specified number
FN$FLOOR(number) Integer part of input
FN$HEX(number) Hexadecimal equivalent of input
FN$HOUR(date) Hour part of input, an integer from 1 to 24
FN$HUNDREDTH(date) Hundredth of a second part of input, integer, always 0
N$INIT_TIMER Initializes elapsed time and CPU time counters
FN$JULIAN(date) Julian date of input
FN$LN(number) Natural log of input
FN$LOG10(number) Base 10 log of input
FN$MINUTE(date) Minute part of input, integer from 0 to 59
FN$MOD(number,mod) Value of input according to modulus
FN$MONTH(date) Month part of input, integer from 1 to 12
FN$NINT(number) Integer nearest to input
FN$OCTAL(number) Octal equivalent of input
FN$OPENS_LEFT Number of additional files you can open
FN$SECOND(date) Second part of input, integer from 0 to 59
FN$SHOW_TIMER Elapsed and CPU time since last FN$INIT_TIMER
FN$SIGN(number) Sign of the number
FN$SIN(number) Sine of input
FN$SQRT(number) Square root of input
FN$STR_EXTRACT(string,first_char,num_char)
Extracts a substring starting at first_char of
num_char characters
FN$STR_FIRST_CHAR(string)
ASCII value of first character in the string
FN$STR_LOC(string,substring)
Starting position of substring in string
FN$TAN(number) Tangent of input
FN$TIME(date) Time part of input
FN$TRANS_LOG(string) Value of the logical name specified
FN$UPCASE(string) Changes characters in the string to uppercase
FN$WEEK(date) Number of week from start of the year, from 1 to 53
FN$WIDTH(number) Sets column width of terminal to number
FN$YEAR(date) Year part of input
*****Header_segment
-
"title string" [/"title string" ...]
A header segment defines the titles printed above a column of
data. The hyphen specifies that no title be printed. The quoted strings
are printed, one per line, centered above the information.
*****Help_command
HELP [topic]
The HELP topic command provides information on the specified
topic. Type HELP ? to list the available topics.
The HELP command, with no topic specified, provides information
specific to the last error in a statement or command.
*****If_statement
IF Boolean_expression [THEN] statement [[ELSE] statement]
The IF statement evaluates the Boolean expression. If the
expression is true, the statement following the THEN is executed.
If the Boolean expression is false, the statement following the
ELSE is executed.
*****Indirect_file
TAKE indirect_file_specification
@indirect_file_specification
An indirect file includes stored text in your current DATATRIEVE
input. The text is echoed on your terminal as it is processed if
the VERIFY SET option is on.
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****List_statement
LIST [print_list] [ON output_file_specification]
LIST ALL [print_list] [ON output_file_specification]
LIST [[[ALL] [Print_list]] OF] Record_selection_expression
[ON output_file_specification]
The LIST statement outputs fields from readied domains,
collections, or lists formatted with a single field per line as follows:
field_name : value
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****Logical_names
A number of different logical names control Datatrieve's actions:
CDD$DEFAULT Default data dictionary directory
CDD$PLOTS Default data dictionary directory for PLOT definitions
DTR$DATE_INPUT Default date input interpretation: MDY,DMY,YDM,YMD,DYM,MYD
SYS$CURRENCY Default "$" edit character
SYS$RADIX_POINT Default "." edit character
SYS$DIGIT_SEP Default "," edit character
*****Modify_statement
MODIFY [ALL] [field,field,...]
[USING statement]
[VERIFY [USING] statement]
[OF record_selection_expression]
The MODIFY statement changes the value of one or more fields
in a selected record or all records in a collection or record stream.
*****Name
name
name[.name...]
Domain names, collection names, local and global variable names,
and context variable names are single names. A field name can be
a single name, or can be qualified with other names to uniquely identify
it, such as domain.group.field.
A single name must start with a letter and contain only
letters, numbers, underscores, or hyphens and must not be longer than 31
characters.
Note that a misspelled statement or command name may be understood
by DATATRIEVE to be a field or variable name in a poorly formed assignment
statement. Also, an error immediately following a name may be understood to
be an error in a qualified name. If DATATRIEVE issues an error message
describing an error in a name, check to see if you have misspelled a statement
or command name or if you have made an error immediately following a name.
*****Numeric_or_string_literal
ddd or +ddd or -ddd
ddd.ddd or +ddd.ddd or -ddd.ddd
ddd.dddEddd or +ddd.dddE-ddd etc.
"text"
Numeric literals can be entered in any of the above formats.
String literals must be quoted with double quotes. "" is an empty string.
"""" is a single double quote. The quotes can be omitted for strings
without special characters that follow relational operators or
prompt expressions.
Note that numeric literals that cannot be easily understood
by the DATATRIEVE command scanner, such as 1,000, or 25E1000 can be
entered as quoted strings.
*****On_statement
*.prompt
ON **.prompt statement
file_specification
The ON statement executes the embedded statement causing all
output to be written to the specified file. Note that the embedded
statement can be another ON statement, allowing the output to be
written to more than one file at a time.
*****Open_command
OPEN file_specification verbosity trace_option[,option...]
The OPEN command begins tracing of your DATATRIEVE session.
The trace is output to the specified file as ASCII text. The file
specification must be given, there is no default. If an existing file name
is given, the next generation is opened for tracing.
The CLOSE command ends tracing.
*****Operators
The following operators can be used in value expressions:
+ Addition
- Subtraction or negation
* Multiplication
/ Division
| Concatenate two strings
|| Concatenate two strings, stripping trailing spaces
from the first
||| Concatenate two strings, stripping trailing spaces
from the first and inserting one space
FROM the value of the specified field from the first
record in the stream formed by the RSE
VIA The translation of the value from the specified table
*****Output_file_specification
ON Dev:[Directory]name.type.version;attributes
ON *."prompt"
ON **."prompt"
The ON clause provides the name of the file on which the
output of the current statement will be written.
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****Picture_or_edit_string
picture-string-characters
edit-string-characters[&missing-edit-string-characters]
The picture string specifies how the item is stored in memory
or in an external file. The edit string specifies how the item will be
printed. If there is no edit string for an item, the picture string
will be used. If there is also no picture string, a default edit string
for that data type will be used.
Type HELP Edit_characters for more information.
*****Plots
BAR CHARTS
BAR Percentage value of one field
NEXT_BAR Display next screen with overflow bars
SORT_BAR Sorted bars of BAR or HISTO
BAR_AVERAGE Average value of one field
HISTO Histogram
MULTI_BAR Multiple values
MULTI_BAR_GROUP Sums of multiple values
RAW_BAR Relative height of raw values
STACKED_BAR Values stacked in one bar
LINE GRAPHS
MULTI_LINE 1 value on X axis; up to 3 values on Y axis
MULTI_LR Linear regression of 1 value on X axis;
up to 3 values on Y axis
MULTI_SHADE 1 value on X axis; up to 3 values on Y axis
PIE CHARTS
PIE Frequency of a field
RAW_PIE Raw values
VALUE_PIE Comparative values
SCATTERGRAPHS
CONNECT Connect points of a scattergraph
DATE_Y Time line on X axis; decimal scale on Y axis
DATE_FREQ Y axis is frequency of X axis date values
DATE_LOGY Time line on X axis; logarithmic scale on Y axis
LOGX_LOGY Logarithmic scale for X and Y axes
LOGX_Y Logarithmic scale on X axis; decimal scale for Y axis
LR Linear regression on scattergraphs
SHADE Shade under connected line of scattergraphs
X_FREQ Y axis is frequency of X axis values
X_LOGY Logarithmic scale on Y axis; decimal scale on X axis
X_Y Decimal scales for both X and Y axes
UTILITY
BIG Hardcopy output four times normal size
CROSS_HATCH Change shading to cross hatching for printing
ERASE Erase the screen
HARDCOPY Hardcopy output, normal size
LEGEND Display legend
MONITOR Display for adjustment of color video output
PAUSE Pause between plots
RE_PAINT Display most recent plot again
TITLE Display a line of text under a graph
WOMBAT Display a marsupial
*****Plot_statement
PLOT plotname [USING] [ALL] [arg,arg,...] [OF rse]
[ON output_file_specification]
Displays the specified plot using the data and arguments
supplied. PLOTting may only be done on VT100 terminals and terminals
which support REGIS graphics. If your terminal is a VT125, the
TOPS-20 terminal type must be set to VT125. If your terminal knows
REGIS, but is not a VT125, the TOPS-20 terminal type must NOT be
set to VT125.
Type HELP PLOTS for more information.
*****Print_list
value_expression [modifier] or
format_item or
inner_print_list
Print lists are used in the PRINT, LIST, and SUM statements.
A modifier can be one of the following:
(-) Use no column title.
("header_segment"[/...]) Use this column title.
USING edit_string Use this edit string
A format item can be one of the following:
SPACE [n] TAB [n]
COL [n] SKIP [n]
NEW_PAGE
An inner print list has the form:
ALL [print_list OF] record_selection_expression
*****Print_statement
PRINT [print_list] [ON output_file_specification]
PRINT ALL [print_list] [ON output_file_specification]
PRINT [[[ALL] [print_list]] OF] record_selection_expression
[ON output_file_specification]
The PRINT statement formats and outputs the values of value
expressions.
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****Procedure
[text] :procedure-name [text]
A procedure includes stored text from the data dictionary in
your current DATATRIEVE input. A procedure can be typed anywhere in
your input. Text from procedures is not echoed on your terminal as
it is processed.
See DEFINE_PROCEDURE for more information on creating procedures.
Use the SHOW PROCEDURES command to list the names of available
procedures. Use the SHOW procedure-name command to display the
contents of a specific procedure.
*****Prompt_expression
*.string-literal
**.string-literal
A prompt expression gets its value at execution time, when
DATATRIEVE displays the string literal and waits for the user to
enter a value. The single star prompt expressions requests a value
every time it is encountered. The double star prompt expression only
requests a value the first time it is encountered.
Note that the value of a prompt expression is a string. If
you enter 1+2 the value is "1+2" not 3.
*****Push_command
PUSH [take_file_specification]
The PUSH command causes DATATRIEVE to start the TOPS-20 EXEC and
allows you to use any TOPS-20 facility without interrupting your
DATATRIEVE session. To return to DATATRIEVE type the POP command
to the EXEC; the LOGOUT command is not valid.
If the take file specification is provided the EXEC executes
"TAKE take_file_specification" as its first command.
Note that a semicolon is a valid part of a full file specification.
If you intend to use the semicolon to end a DATATRIEVE statement or
command, precede it with a space.
*****Ready_command
READY dictionary_path_name [AT node"user pass acc"] [AS alias] [FOR]
PROTECTED READ
[SHARED ] [WRITE ] [,...]
EXCLUSIVE MODIFY
EXTEND
The READY command gives you access to one or more domains
and controls the access of other users to those domains.
You can use the READY command to RE-READY currently ready
domains to change your access.
*****Record_selection_expression
[ALL | FIRST n] [context IN]
domain | collection | list
[[[CROSS [context IN] domain | collection | list] ...]
[OVER field]]
[WITH Boolean_expression]
[SORTED BY sort_list]
The record selection expression identifies the group of
records which will be processed by the statement containing the
record selection expression.
*****Relational_operator
Relational operators are used in Boolean expressions.
Most of the relational operators work on two value expressions.
All relational operators return a value of TRUE or FALSE. The
relational operators are:
LESS-THAN, BEFORE, LT, < First value is less (or earlier)
LESS-EQUAL, LS First value is less than or equal
EQUALS, = Exact match (case sensitive)
NOT-EQUAL, NOTEQUAL, NE No match (case sensitive)
GREATER-EQUAL, GE First value is greater than or equal
GREATER-THAN, AFTER, GT, > First value is greater (or later)
BETWEEN, BT First value is between the two values
or equal to either one (inclusive)
CONTAINING Substring matches (not case sensitive)
MISSING Value is the missing value
IN Value is in the table
*****Release_option
RELEASE ALL
RELEASE name[,name...]
The RELEASE command frees the memory currently in use by a
collection, table, plot, or global variable. Use the SHOW command to get
information about current collections, tables, plots, and variables.
*****Repeat_statement
REPEAT value-expression statement
The REPEAT statement executes the embedded statement the
number of times specified by the value expression.
*****Report_at_statement
The AT statements can display header and summary lines at the top
and bottom of the report, top and bottom of each page, and top and
bottom of control groups. The format is one of:
AT TOP OF position PRINT print_item [,print_item]...
AT BOTTOM OF position PRINT print_item [,print_item]...
Where "position" is one of:
REPORT Displays the items at the top or bottom of the report.
PAGE Displays the items at the top or bottom of each page.
field_name Displays the items before or after the value of the
field changes.
A "print_item" can be anything that you use with the PRINT statement
at DATATRIEVE command level (see HELP Print_statement). In addition, you
can use the items listed in HELP Report_print_statement.
*****Report_set_statement
The SET statement has the following form. Any number of set
statements may be used.
SET set_option [, set_option]...
The set_options are listed below. The term "val" is used, to
indicate either a numeric literal or a prompt.
COLUMNS_PAGE = val The width of the page in characters.
LINES_PAGE = val The length of the page in lines.
MAX_LINES = val The maximum number of lines for the report.
MAX_PAGES = val The maximum number of pages for the report.
NO NUMBER Disables printing of the page number.
NUMBER Enables printing of the page number.
NO DATE Disables printing of the date string.
DATE [= "string"] Enables printing of the date string. If you
do not specify a string, then the current
system date is used.
REPORT_NAME = name Where "name" is either a query_header (see
HELP Define_record) or a prompt.
*****Report_statement
REPORT [rse] [ON output_spec]
The Datatrieve Report Writer allows you to create complex,
multipage reports of your data. The Report Writer lets you specify page
headers, column headers, and adjustable page size. It will format
columns across the page if you do not explicitly position them yourself.
Where "rse" is a record selection expression (see HELP Record_selection_
expression). If you omit the rse, the CURRENT collection is used.
"output_spec" is either a file specification or a prompt.
When invoked, the Report Writer will prompt for report statements
with 'RW>'. These statements are described under the separate HELP headings:
Report_at_statement, Report_print_statement, Report_set_statement,
End_report.
You can exit from the Report Writer at any time by typing CTRL/C.
*****Report_print_statement
PRINT print_item [,print_item]...
The PRINT statement specifies the format for the detail lines in a
report. There can only be one PRINT statement in a report.
A "print_item" can be anything that you use with the PRINT statement
at DATATRIEVE command level (see HELP Print_statement). In addition, you can
use:
NEW_SECTION Starts a new report page, and sets the page number
to 1.
REPORT_HEADER Displays the entire report header, including report
name, date and page number.
COLUMN_HEADER Displays the column headers defined by the PRINT and
AT statements.
*****Restructure_statement
domain_name = rse
The Restructure statement is used to transfer data from the fields
of records in a record stream to fields with the corresponding names
in a domain.
The Restructure statement provides a simple way of copying data from
one or more domains to another domain. For example, if you have
changed a record definition, you can copy the fields having DATATRIEVE
perform the required conversions:
NEWYACHTS = OLDYACHTS
Also, you can use it to create a domain out of the contents of
several other domains or a hierarchical domain using the CROSS
clause of the RSE:
COMPOSITE = YACHTS CROSS OWNERS OVER TYPE
*****Select_statement
FIRST
NEXT
SELECT [PRIOR ] [collection] [WITH Boolean_expression]
LAST
NONE
value_expression
Establishes the specified record as the selected record
in the collection.
*****Set_option
SET option [,option]
OPTIONS: [NO] ABORT
[NO] DATA_LOSS_WARNING
[NO] DISPLAY_USER_INPUT message-type
[NO] LOCK_WAIT
[NO] PROMPT
[NO] SEARCH
[NO] VERIFY
COLUMNS_PAGE = number
DICTIONARY dictionary directory path
TO device:<directory>
PLOTS dictionary directory path
TO device:<directory>
The SET command changes parameters that control DATATRIEVE's
later actions. Options may be entered on more than one line.
SET ABORT causes all statements following an aborted statement
in a procedure or indirect file to also be aborted.
SET DATA_LOSS_WARNING displays a warning message if any digits
are lost during binary arithmetic or conversion, or characters during
string conversion.
SET DISPLAY_USER_INPUT controls the display of the user input
in question following warnings and errors. Message types are:
ANY, ERROR, and WARNING.
SET LOCK_WAIT causes DATATRIEVE to wait forever for a locked
record to become available.
SET PROMPT causes DATATRIEVE to prompt for the next part of a
statement or command following a carriage return.
SET SEARCH forces DATATRIEVE to build implied inner print
lists in statements in which the context is not completely specific.
SET VERIFY causes DATATRIEVE to display lines of text being
executed from indirect files.
SET DICTIONARY identifies the directory in which your data
dictionary resides.
SET PLOTS identifies the directory in which plot definitions
reside.
COLUMNS_PAGE sets the width of your terminal for the commands
which output data.
Use the SHOW SET-UP command to examine current settings.
*****Show_option
SHOW option [,option]
OPTIONS: ALL DOMAINS
MEMORY-USAGE RECORDS
SET-UP PROCEDURES
VARIABLES TABLES
FIELDS COLLECTIONS
DICTIONARY READY
CURRENT PLOTS
collection_name dictionary_element_name
The SHOW command displays information about your current
DATATRIEVE environment. Options may be entered on more than one line.
SHOW ALL shows most of the following information.
SHOW MEMORY-USAGE shows how much virtual memory is in use.
SHOW SET-OPTIONS shows the settings of all parameters which
can be changed with the SET command.
SHOW VARIABLES shows all global variables.
SHOW FIELDS shows fields in all readied domains.
Show DOMAINS, RECORDS, PROCEDURES, TABLES, and PLOTS displays
the names of those elements in the data dictionary.
SHOW DICTIONARY displays the structure and username of the
current data dictionaries.
SHOW COLLECTIONS displays the name of all existing collections.
SHOW READY displays information about all readied domains.
SHOW CURRENT displays information about the current collection.
SHOW name displays information about the named collection or
the contents of the dictionary element.
*****Sort_list
ASCENDING
[ DESCENDING ] value_expression, ...
INCREASING
DECREASING
The sort list specifies which fields or values determine
the order of the record selection and whether the smaller item is
first or last.
*****Sort_statement
SORT [collection] BY sort_key [, sort_key...]
The SORT statement is used to reorder a collection.
The order may be based on any number of fields within the record,
with ascending or descending specified for each key.
Each sort_key is of the form:
[sort_direction] value_expression
The sort_direction, if specified, may be ASCENDING or
INCREASING for ascending, or DESCENDING or DECREASING for
descending. If no sort_direction is specified, the direction is
ascending (for the first sort_key) or the direction of the preceding
sort_key.
The SORTED BY clause of an RSE performs the same function as the
SORT statement. Use the SORTED BY clause when you do not want to
work with collections.
*****Startup_command_file
If it exists, DATATRIEVE automatically invokes the file
PS:<logged-in-directory>DTR.INI every time DATATRIEVE begins.
*****Statement
There are two basic groups of actions that DATATRIEVE can
perform, statements and commands. Statements can be embedded in other
statements, such as BEGIN-END blocks and IF statements; commands cannot.
Type ? for the list of statements and commands.
*****Statement_or_command
Following the DATATRIEVE prompt, DTR>, you may type a command
or statement or invoke an indirect command file or procedure.
Type a ? to list the available commands and statements.
Type HELP HELP for more information.
*****Statistical_function
AVERAGE val-exp Average value of value exp
MAX val-exp Largest value of value exp
MIN value_exp [OF rse] Smallest value of value exp
STD_DEV val-exp Standard deviation of value exp
TOTAL val-exp Total value of value exp
RUNNING TOTAL value_exp Running total of value exp for
each evaluation of the statement
RUNNING COUNT Running count of evaluations of
the statement
COUNT [OF rse] Number of records in record stream
Statistical functions provide an easy way to perform simple
calculations on expressions from selected records.
*****Store_statement
STORE domain_name
[[USING] statement]
[VERIFY [USING] statement]
The STORE statement creates a record in a DATATRIEVE domain
and stores values in one or more fields of the record.
*****Sum_statement
SUM print_list BY sort_list [ ON output_file_specification ]
The SUM statement provides a summary of totals for one or
more fields in the current collection.
*****Then_statement
statement THEN statement
The THEN statement combines two statements into a single
compound statement.
*****Trace_options
COMPILATION
ENTRY_EXIT
EXECUTION
PARSING
PRECOMPILATION
Each trace option specifies a class of information to be
dumped to the trace file created by the OPEN command.
*****Usage
Data in files and variables may be stored in any one of a
number of internal formats:
BYTE,WORD One word signed binary
LONG,QUAD Two word signed binary
COMP,INTEGER Signed binary, size is determined by PICTURE clause
COMP_1,REAL One word floating point
COMP_2,DOUBLE Two word floating point
COMP_3,COMP_5,PACKED,ZONED same as DISPLAY for compatibility
DATE 36 bit universal date time
DISPLAY_6 Sixbit characters in 6 bit bytes
DISPLAY,DISPLAY_7 ASCII characters in 7 bit bytes
DISPLAY_8 8-bit ASCII characters in 9-bit bytes
VAX_DATE 64-bit VAX date time
VAX_FLOAT 128-bit VAX H float
*****Value_expression
A value expression is any grouping of single valued items
combined by the operators:
VIA, FROM, | or || or |||, UNARY -, * or /, + or -
and grouped together with matched pairs of parentheses. If
parentheses are not used the operators are evaluated in the above
order.
A value expression itself has a single value. Any necessary
conversions between data types are done automatically.
Single valued items are:
Double quoted strings ("" -> no characters, """" -> ")
Numbers (integers, decimals, floating point)
Prompt expressions (*."prompt text" or **."prompt text")
Statistical functions (AVERAGE, etc.)
Functions (FN$ABS(value expression), etc.)
Field or variable name
*****While_statement
WHILE Boolean_expression statement
The WHILE statement evaluates the Boolean expression and
performs the statement if the result is TRUE. It continues to evaluate
the Boolean expression and execute the statement until the Boolean
expression becomes FALSE.
*****Wombat
Wombats, general
Wombats are native Australian or Tasmanian mammals. Like many other
antipodean animals they have strange* reproductive habits (less so
than the platypus which lays green eggs and is a monotreme). They
also have constantly growing incisors allowing (nay, encouraging)
them to chew on bark, wood, softer rocks, etc. (Wombats are
friendly, loyal, nocturnal, and not over intelligent) (Sir Everard
Home reports "In captivity it is as a rule amiable, the amiability
being possibly associated with stupidity." He probably woke it from
a nap.)
* strange to us - they wouldn't have it any other way.
Wombats, specific
The family Vombatidae is divided into two groups, the naked nosed
and the hairy nosed wombats. The naked nosed group constitutes the
genus Vombatuis (or Phascolomis) and includes the Tasmanian wombat
(V. Ursinus), from Tasmania and Flinders Island and the common
Wombat (V. hirsutus) from south east Australia; they have coarse,
harsh, blackish brown fur, a naked area on the muzzle and short
ears. The hairy nosed group contains Lasiorhinus latifrons from
south Australia and wombatula gillespiei from southern Queensland;
these species have silky grizzled gray fur, a hairy muzzle and
larger ears. The consequences of all this to wombat society is
further complicated by the question of who has more ribs.
Wombats, particular
Dante Gabriel Rossetti had a wombat who slept (during the day) in an
epergne on the dining room table. He (the wombat) reappeared as a
dormouse in Rev. Dodgson's book.
Wombats, uses of
live - conversation piece, alarm clock (third shift)
dead - doormats; for food, see Wombats, food?
Wombats, food
grass, bark, leaves, fungi
Epergne
Who knows? ...clearly someplace wombats sleep.
Marsupials
Include bandicoots (which should be rabbits), koalas (which should
be bears), tasmanian wolves (which should be coyotes), and wombats
(which should be lethargic badgers). Pogo was a marsupial.
Sexual habits
are of interest only to other wombats, and then only between April
and June.
Wombats Prehistoric
Pleistocene Giant Wombat was as large as a rhinocerous.
Wombats, food?
would you want to eat a doormat that ate bark and fungus?